Surgical management of invasive breast cancer: a 5-year prospective study of treatment in the Australian Capital Territory and South-Eastern New South Wales

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is a major health problem in Australia. The aim of the present report is to evaluate the surgical management of invasive breast cancers in our region. Methodology: As part of a multidisciplinary quality assurance project, data were collected for the majority of breast cancers treated in our region between July 1997 and June 2002. Participants included surgeons, medical and radiation oncologists, pathologists and general practitioners. Results: Over the 5-year period, 1069 invasive breast cancers were treated. Mastectomy (52%) was more common than breast conservation. For cancers less than 2 cm in diameter (61%), breast conservation was achieved in 62%. High nuclear grade cancers (27%) resulted in mastectomy in 60%. This treatment pattern was the same for patients living in urban and rural areas and in all age groups. Those patients requiring two or more operations (30%) to achieve surgical clearance still had a 33% rate of breast conservation. Over the last 5 years there has been an increase in sentinel node biopsies (16 sentinel node biopsies during 1998-1999; 64 during 2001-2002) and axillary dissections started to decrease. A small group has had no axillary node biopsy or dissection, mainly patients over 70 years of age. Multimodality treatments increased over the 5-year period of our study with the use of postoperative radiotherapy increasing from 60% to 65% and chemotherapy from 36% to 55%. Conclusions: The project has mapped treatment trends for breast cancer in our region and documented the implementation of new treatment methods as well as the increasing use of multidisciplinary management, multimodality treatment and the implementation of best practice guidelines.