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    The European Community's ban on hormonal growth promotants : a case study
    (1988-09) Costantoura, Paul.
    This paper sets out to make a contribution towards answering part of a question which is central to the development of international trade law.
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    Item type: Item , Access status: Restricted ,
    The impact of islands on continental shelf delimitation
    (1982-09) Matheson, Alexander Edmund.
    The emergence of the right of states to claim sovereign rights over their adjacent seabed under the continental shelf and exclusive economic zone regimes, has brought with it a complex tangle of legal and political problems as to the continental shelf and EEZ generating capacities of islands.
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    The SABRE South technical design report executive summary
    (2025-04-01) Barberio, E.; Baroncelli, T.; Bashu, V. U.; Bignell, L. J.; Bolognino, I.; Brooks, G.; Chhun, S. S.; Dastgiri, F.; Di Giacinto, A.; D'Imperio, G.; Duffy, A. R.; Froehlich, M. B.; Fruth, T.; Fu, G.; Hill, G. C.; James, R. S.; Janssens, K.; Kapoor, S.; Lane, G. J.; Leaver, K. T.; Mariani, A.; McGee, P.; McKie, L. J.; McNamara, P. C.; McKenzie, J.; Melbourne, W. J.D.; Mews, M.; Milana, G.; Milligan, L. J.; Mould, J.; Pettinacci, V.; Rule, K. J.; Scutti, F.; Slavkovská, Z.; Stanley, O.; Stuchbery, A. E.; Suerfu, B.; Taylor, G. N.; Tempra, D.; Tunningly, T.; Urquijo, P.; Vignoli, C.; Williams, A. G.; Xing, Y.; Zurowski, M. J.
    In this technical design report (TDR) executive summary we describe the SABRE South detector to be built at the Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory (SUPL). The SABRE South detector is designed to test the long-standing DAMA/LIBRA signal of an annually modulating rate consistent with dark matter by using the same target material. Located in the Southern Hemisphere, the detector is uniquely positioned to disentangle modulating seasonal effects. SABRE South uses seven ultra-high purity NaI(Tl) crystals (with a total target mass of either 35 kg or 50 kg), hermetically sealed in copper enclosures that are suspended within a liquid scintillator active veto. High quantum efficiency and low background Hamamatsu R11065 photomultiplier tubes are directly coupled to both ends of the crystal, and enclosed with the crystal in an oxygen free copper enclosure. The active veto system consists of 11.6 kL of linear alkylbenzene (LAB) doped with a mixture of fluorophores and contained in a steel vessel, which is instrumented with at least 18 Hamamatsu R5912 photomultipliers. The active veto tags key radiogenic backgrounds intrinsic to the crystals, such as 40K, and is expected to suppress the total background by 27% in the 1-6 keV region of interest. In addition to the liquid scintillator veto, a muon veto is positioned above the detector shielding. This muon veto consists of eight EJ-200 scintillator modules, with Hamamatsu R13089 photomultipliers coupled to both ends. With an expected total background of 0.72 cpd/kg/keV, SABRE South can test the DAMA/LIBRA signal with 5σ discovery or 3σ exclusion after two years of data taking.
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    Photomultiplier requirements and pre-calibration for the SABRE South Liquid Scintillator Veto
    (2025-07-01) Milligan, L. J.; Urquijo, P.; Barberio, E.; Bashu, V. U.; Bignell, L. J.; Bolognino, I.; Chhun, S. S.; Dastgiri, F.; Fruth, T.; Fu, G.; Hill, G. C.; Hua, Y.; James, R. S.; Janssens, K.; Kapoor, S.; Lane, G. J.; Leaver, K. T.; McGee, P.; McKie, L. J.; McKenzie, J.; McNamara, P. C.; Melbourne, W. J.D.; Mews, M.; Ng, W. H.; Rule, K. J.; Slavkovská, Z.; Stanley, O.; Stuchbery, A. E.; Suerfu, B.; Taylor, G. N.; Tempra, D.; Tunningley, T.; Williams, A. G.; Zhong, Y. Y.; Zurowski, M. J.
    We present a study of the oil-proof base Hamamatsu R5912 photomultiplier tubes that will be used in the SABRE South linear-alkylbenzene liquid scintillator veto. SABRE South is a dark matter direct detection experiment at the Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory, aiming to test the DAMA/LIBRA dark matter annual modulation signal. We discuss the requirements of the liquid scintillator system and its photomultipliers, outline the methods and analysis used for the characterisation measurements, and results from initial tests. We discuss the impact of these measurements on the performance of the active veto system and explore analysis methods to allow for low threshold operation. Finally, we include results from a small scale liquid scintillator detector prototype used to assess the future performance of pulse shape discrimination in the liquid scintillator veto, and how well accommodated it is by the R5912 PMTs.
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    Characterisation of Hamamatsu R11065-20 PMTs for use in the SABRE South NaI(Tl) Crystal Detectors
    (2025-07-01) Stanley, O.; Melbourne, W. J.D.; Urquijo, P.; Barberio, E.; Bashu, V. U.; Bignell, L. J.; Bolognino, I.; Brooks, G.; Chhun, S. S.; Dastgiri, F.; Froehlich, M. B.; Fruth, T.; Fu, G.; Hill, G. C.; James, R. S.; Janssens, K.; Kapoor, S.; Lane, G. J.; Leaver, K. T.; McKenzie, J.; McKie, L. J.; McGee, P.; McNamara, P. C.; Mews, M.; Milligan, L. J.; Rule, K. J.; Scutti, F.; Slavkovská, Z.; Stuchbery, A. E.; Suerfu, B.; Taylor, G. N.; Williams, A. G.; Xing, Y.; Zhong, Y. Y.
    The SABRE Experiment is a direct detection dark matter experiment using a target composed of multiple NaI(Tl) crystals. The experiment aims to be an independent check of the DAMA/LIBRA results with a detector in the Northern (Laboratori Nazionali Del Gran Sasso, LNGS) and Southern (Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory, SUPL) hemispheres. The SABRE South photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) will be used near the low energy noise threshold and require a detailed calibration of their performance and contributions to the background in the NaI(Tl) dark matter search, prior to installation. We present the development of the pre-calibration procedures for the R11065-20 Hamamatsu PMTs. These PMTs are directly coupled to the NaI(Tl) crystals within the SABRE South experiment. In this paper we present methodologies to characterise the gain, dark rate, and timing properties of the PMTs. We develop a method for in-situ calibration without a light injection source. Additionally we explore the application of machine learning techniques using a Boosted Decision Tree (BDT) trained on the response of single PMTs to understand the information available for background rejection. Finally, we briefly present the simulation tool used to generate digitised PMT data from optical Monte Carlo simulations.

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