Poplar defense against insects: genome analysis, full-length cDNA cloning, and transcriptome and protein analysis of the poplar Kunitz-type protease inhibitor family

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dc.contributor.authorPhilippe, Ryan N.
dc.contributor.authorRalph, Steven G.
dc.contributor.authorKulheim, Carsten
dc.contributor.authorJancsik, Sharon I.
dc.contributor.authorBohlmann, Joerg
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-10T23:19:45Z
dc.date.issued2009
dc.date.updated2016-02-24T12:04:14Z
dc.description.abstractKunitz protease inhibitors (KPIs) feature prominently in poplar defense responses against insects. The increasing availability of genomics resources enabled a comprehensive analysis of the poplar (p)KPI family. Using genome analysis, expressed sequence tag (EST) mining and full-length (FL)cDNA cloning we established an inventory and phylogeny of pKPIs. Microarray and real-time PCR analyses were used to profile pKPI gene expression following real or simulated insect attack. Proteomics of insect midgut content was used to monitor stability of pKPI protein. We identified 31 pKPIs in the genome and validated gene models by EST mining and cloning of 41 unique FLcDNAs. Genome organization of the pKPI family, with six poplar-specific subfamilies, suggests that tandem duplications have played a major role in its expansion. pKPIs are expressed throughout the plant and many are strongly induced by insect attack, although insect-specific signals seem initially to suppress the tree pKPI response. We found substantial peptide coverage for a potentially intact pKPI protein in insect midgut after eating poplar leaves. These results highlight the complexity of an important defense gene family in poplar with regard to gene family size, differential constitutive and insect-induced gene expression, and resilience of at least one pKPI protein to digestion by herbivores.
dc.identifier.issn0028-646X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/66028
dc.publisherCambridge University Press
dc.sourceNew Phytologist
dc.subjectKeywords: complementary DNA; peptide; proteinase inhibitor; vegetable protein; deciduous tree; DNA; enzyme activity; gene expression; genetic analysis; genomics; inhibitor; phylogeny; plant defense; plant-herbivore interaction; plant-insect interaction; polymerase Choristoneura rosaceana (oblique-banded leaf roller); Malacosoma disstria (forest tent caterpillar); Plant defense; Plant-herbivore interaction; Populus trichocarpa (cottonwood); Tree genomics
dc.titlePoplar defense against insects: genome analysis, full-length cDNA cloning, and transcriptome and protein analysis of the poplar Kunitz-type protease inhibitor family
dc.typeJournal article
local.bibliographicCitation.issue4
local.bibliographicCitation.lastpage884
local.bibliographicCitation.startpage865
local.contributor.affiliationPhilippe, Ryan N., University of British Columbia
local.contributor.affiliationRalph, Steven G., University of North Dakota
local.contributor.affiliationKulheim, Carsten, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, ANU
local.contributor.affiliationJancsik, Sharon I., University of British Columbia
local.contributor.affiliationBohlmann, Joerg, University of British Columbia
local.contributor.authoremailu4569873@anu.edu.au
local.contributor.authoruidKulheim, Carsten, u4569873
local.description.embargo2037-12-31
local.description.notesImported from ARIES
local.identifier.absfor060303 - Biological Adaptation
local.identifier.absfor060405 - Gene Expression (incl. Microarray and other genome-wide approaches)
local.identifier.absseo820101 - Hardwood Plantations
local.identifier.ariespublicationu9511635xPUB1203
local.identifier.citationvolume184
local.identifier.doi10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03028.x
local.identifier.scopusID2-s2.0-70449363862
local.identifier.thomsonID000271644500013
local.identifier.uidSubmittedByu9511635
local.type.statusPublished Version

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