Properties and Astrophysical Implications of the 150 M Binary Black Hole Merger GW190521

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dc.contributor.authorAbbott, R.
dc.contributor.authorAbbott, T. D.
dc.contributor.authorAbraham, S.
dc.contributor.authorAcernese, F.
dc.contributor.authorAckley, K.
dc.contributor.authorAdams, C.
dc.contributor.authorAdya, Vaishali
dc.contributor.authorAdhikari, Rana X.
dc.contributor.authorAffeldt, C.
dc.contributor.authorAgathos, M.
dc.contributor.authorAgatsuma, K.
dc.contributor.authorAltin, Paul
dc.contributor.authorEichholz, Johannes
dc.contributor.authorForsyth, Perry
dc.contributor.authorGrace, Benjamin
dc.contributor.authorHolland, Nathan
dc.contributor.authorKijbunchoo, Nutsinee
dc.contributor.authorMcClelland, David
dc.contributor.authorMcManus, David
dc.contributor.authorMcRae, Terry
dc.contributor.authorScott, Susan M.
dc.contributor.authorShaddock, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorToyra, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorWard, Robert
dc.contributor.authorYap, Min Jet
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-20T04:04:39Z
dc.date.available2022-07-20T04:04:39Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.date.updated2022-08-28T08:15:58Z
dc.description.abstractThe gravitational-wave signal GW190521 is consistent with a binary black hole (BBH) merger source at redshift 0.8 with unusually high component masses, ${85}_{-14}^{+21}$ M and ${66}_{-18}^{+17}$ M, compared to previously reported events, and shows mild evidence for spin-induced orbital precession. The primary falls in the mass gap predicted by (pulsational) pair-instability supernova theory, in the approximate range 65-120 M. The probability that at least one of the black holes in GW190521 is in that range is 99.0%. The final mass of the merger (${142}_{-16}^{+28}$ M) classifies it as an intermediate-mass black hole. Under the assumption of a quasi-circular BBH coalescence, we detail the physical properties of GW190521's source binary and its post-merger remnant, including component masses and spin vectors. Three different waveform models, as well as direct comparison to numerical solutions of general relativity, yield consistent estimates of these properties. Tests of strong-field general relativity targeting the merger-ringdown stages of the coalescence indicate consistency of the observed signal with theoretical predictions. We estimate the merger rate of similar systems to be ${0.13}_{-0.11}^{+0.30}\,{{\rm{Gpc}}}^{-3}\,{{\rm{yr}}}^{-1}$. We discuss the astrophysical implications of GW190521 for stellar collapse and for the possible formation of black holes in the pair-instability mass gap through various channels: via (multiple) stellar coalescences, or via hierarchical mergers of lower-mass black holes in star clusters or in active galactic nuclei. We find it to be unlikely that GW190521 is a strongly lensed signal of a lower-mass black hole binary merger. We also discuss more exotic possible sources for GW190521, including a highly eccentric black hole binary, or a primordial black hole binary.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) for the construction and operation of the LIGO Laboratory and Advanced LIGO, as well as the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the MaxPlanck-Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/ Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council.en_AU
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen_AU
dc.identifier.issn2041-8205en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/269818
dc.language.isoen_AUen_AU
dc.provenancehttps://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/6402..."The Published Version can be archived in any website" from SHERPA/RoMEO site (as at 20/07/2022).en_AU
dc.publisherInstitute of Physics Publishing Ltd.
dc.rights© 2020. The American Astronomical Society
dc.sourceAstrophysical Journal Letters
dc.titleProperties and Astrophysical Implications of the 150 M Binary Black Hole Merger GW190521
dc.typeJournal article
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_AU
local.bibliographicCitation.issue13en_AU
local.bibliographicCitation.lastpage27en_AU
local.bibliographicCitation.startpage1en_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAbbott, R, California Institute of Technologyen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAbbott, T D, California State Universityen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAbraham, S, Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysicsen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAcernese, F, INFNen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAckley, K, Monash Universityen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAdams, C, LIGO-Livingston Observatoryen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAdya, Vaishali, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAdhikari, Rana X, California Institute of Technologyen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAffeldt, C, Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physicsen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAgathos, M, University of Cambridgeen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAgatsuma, K, University of Birminghamen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationAltin, Paul, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationEichholz, Johannes, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationForsyth, Perry, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationGrace, Benjamin, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationHolland, Nathan, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationKijbunchoo, Nutsinee, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationMcClelland, David, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationMcManus, David, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationMcRae, Terry, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationScott, Susan, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationShaddock, Daniel, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationToyra, Daniel, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationWard, Robert, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationYap, Min Jet, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.authoremailu4103634@anu.edu.auen_AU
local.contributor.authoruidAdya, Vaishali, u1073042en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidAltin, Paul, u4103634en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidEichholz, Johannes, u1073016en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidForsyth, Perry, u5024171en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidGrace, Benjamin, u5828544en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidHolland, Nathan, u5748557en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidKijbunchoo, Nutsinee, u6400927en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidMcClelland, David, u8802403en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidMcManus, David, u4671069en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidMcRae, Terry, u1008768en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidScott, Susan, u8911327en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidShaddock, Daniel, u9701638en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidToyra, Daniel, u1080744en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidWard, Robert, u5088188en_AU
local.contributor.authoruidYap, Min Jet, u5021389en_AU
local.description.notesImported from ARIESen_AU
local.identifier.absfor510105 - General relativity and gravitational wavesen_AU
local.identifier.ariespublicationa383154xPUB14185en_AU
local.identifier.ariespublicationa383154xPUB34377
local.identifier.citationvolume900en_AU
local.identifier.doi10.3847/2041-8213/aba493en_AU
local.identifier.scopusID2-s2.0-85094168773
local.identifier.thomsonIDWOS:000570294900001
local.identifier.uidSubmittedBya383154en_AU
local.publisher.urlhttp://iopscience.iop.org/2041-8205en_AU
local.type.statusPublished Versionen_AU

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