Dipole phase and photoelectron group delay in inner-shell photoionization

Abstract

We conduct a systematic study of the dipole phase and the photoelectron group delay (Wigner time delay) in inner shell photoionization of noble gas atoms from Ne to Xe. Our study encompasses the tender x-ray spectral range and extends to 1 keV photoelectron energy. We employ both the relativistic and the nonrelativistic versions of the random-phase approximation with exchange. We identify the long-range Coulomb and short-range Hartree-Fock contributions to the dipole phase which governs the Wigner time delay variation from the threshold to the whole considered range of photoelectron energies.