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40 years of the quantum Hall effect

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von Klitzing, Klaus
Chakraborty, Tapash
Kim, Philip
Madhavan, Vidya
Dai, Xi
McIver, James
Tokura, Yoshinori
Savary, Lucile
Smirnova, Daria
Rey, Ana Maria

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Nature Publishing Group

Abstract

The discovery of the quantum Hall effect (QHE) marked a turning point in condensed-matter physics. The measurement of the Hall resistance showed that electronic resistance could be defined precisely in terms of fundamental constants, even in a disordered and irregular sample. Over the past 40 years, the QHE has inspired new theories and led to experimental discoveries in a range of fields going beyond solid-state electronics to photonics and quantum entanglement. In this Viewpoint, physicists reflect on how the QHE has influenced their research.

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Nature Reviews: Physics

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Restricted until

2099-12-31