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Experimental demonstration of violations of the second law of thermodynamics for small systems and short time scales

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dc.contributor.authorWang, Genmiao
dc.contributor.authorSevick, Edith M
dc.contributor.authorMittag, Emil
dc.contributor.authorSearles, Debra J
dc.contributor.authorEvans, Denis
dc.date.accessioned2009-09-16T01:57:31Zen_US
dc.date.accessioned2010-12-20T06:06:06Z
dc.date.available2009-09-16T01:57:31Zen_US
dc.date.available2010-12-20T06:06:06Z
dc.date.issued2002-07-15en_US
dc.date.updated2015-12-12T09:12:43Z
dc.description.abstractWe experimentally demonstrate the fluctuation theorem, which predicts appreciable and measurable violations of the second law of thermodynamics for small systems over short time scales, by following the trajectory of a colloidal particle captured in an optical trap that is translated relative to surrounding water molecules. From each particle trajectory, we calculate the entropy production/consumption over the duration of the trajectory and determine the fraction of second law–defying trajectories. Our results show entropy consumption can occur over colloidal length and time scales.
dc.format4 pages
dc.identifier.citationPhysical Review Letters 89.5 (2002): 050601/1-4
dc.identifier.issn0031-9007en_US
dc.identifier.issn1079-7114en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10440/854en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/handle/10440/854
dc.publisherAmerican Physical Society
dc.rightshttp://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/index.php "Author can archive pre-print (ie pre-refereeing) … post-print (ie final draft post-refereeing) … [and] publisher's version/PDF. Link to publisher version … [and] Copyright notice required. Publisher's version/PDF can be used on … employers web site." - from SHERPA/RoMEO site (as at 25/02/10). ©2002 The American Physical Society
dc.sourcePhysical Review Letters
dc.source.urihttp://prola.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v89/i5/e050601en_US
dc.subjectKeywords: Colloids; Computer simulation; Entropy; Equations of motion; Laser beams; Molecular dynamics; Molecules; Numerical analysis; Optical microscopy; Particles (particulate matter); Thermodynamics; Water; Entropy-producing trajectories; Fluctuation theorem; Mi
dc.titleExperimental demonstration of violations of the second law of thermodynamics for small systems and short time scales
dc.typeJournal article
local.bibliographicCitation.issue5
local.bibliographicCitation.lastpage050601/4
local.bibliographicCitation.startpage050601/1
local.contributor.affiliationWang, Genmiao, Research School of Chemistryen_US
local.contributor.affiliationSevick, Edith M, Research School of Chemistryen_US
local.contributor.affiliationMittag, Emil, Research School of Chemistryen_US
local.contributor.affiliationSearles, Debra, Griffith Universityen_US
local.contributor.affiliationEvans, Denis, Research School of Chemistryen_US
local.contributor.authoruidU4002477en_US
local.contributor.authoruidU9609037en_US
local.contributor.authoruidU9907888en_US
local.contributor.authoruidE17423en_US
local.contributor.authoruidU7701170en_US
local.description.refereedYes
local.identifier.absfor030602 (50%), 030704 (50%)en_US
local.identifier.ariespublicationMigratedxPub22439en_US
local.identifier.citationvolume89
local.identifier.doi10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.050601
local.identifier.scopusID2-s2.0-0037194057
local.type.statusPublished Versionen_US

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