Evolution of Vertebrate Genes Related to Prion and Shadoo Proteins - clues from Comparative Genomic Analysis

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dc.contributor.authorPremzl, Marko
dc.contributor.authorGready, Jill
dc.contributor.authorJermiin, Lars Sommer
dc.contributor.authorSimonic, Tatjana
dc.contributor.authorGraves, Jennifer
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-13T23:06:16Z
dc.date.available2015-12-13T23:06:16Z
dc.date.issued2004
dc.date.updated2022-04-24T08:16:32Z
dc.description.abstractRecent findings of new genes in fish related to the prion protein (PrP) gene PRNP, including our recent report of SPRN coding for Shadoo (Sho) protein found also in mammals, raise issues of their function and evolution. Here we report additional novel fish genes found in public databases, including a duplicated SPRN gene, SPRNB, in Fugu, Tetraodon, carp, and zebrafish encoding the Sho2 protein, and we use comparative genomic analysis to analyze the evolutionary relationships and to infer evolutionary trajectories of the complete data set. Phylogenetic footprinting performed on aligned human, mouse, and Fugu SPRN genes to define candidate regulatory promoter regions, detected 16 conserved motifs, three of which are known transcription factor-binding sites for a receptor and transcription factors specific to or associated with expression in brain. This result and other homology-based (VISTA global genomic alignment; protein sequence alignment and phylogenetics) and context-dependent (genomic context; relative gene order and orientation) criteria indicate fish and mammalian SPRN genes are orthologous and suggest a strongly conserved basic function in brain. Whereas tetrapod PRNPs share context with the analogous stPrP-2 - coding gene in fish, their sequences are diverged, suggesting that the tetrapod and fish genes are likely to have significantly different functions. Phylogenetic analysis predicts the SPRN/SPRNB duplication occurred before divergence of fish from tetrapods, whereas that of stPrP-1 and stPrP-2 occurred in fish. Whereas Sho appears to have a conserved function in vertebrate brain, PrP seems to have an adaptive role fine-tuned in a lineage-specific fashion. An evolutionary model consistent with our findings and literature knowledge is proposed that has an ancestral prevertebrate SPRN-like gene leading to all vertebrate PrP-related and Sho-related genes. This provides a new framework for exploring the evolution of this unusual family of proteins and for searching for members in other fish branches and intermediate vertebrate groups.
dc.identifier.issn0737-4038
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/85959
dc.publisherSociety for Molecular Biology Evolution
dc.sourceMolecular Biology and Evolution
dc.subjectKeywords: fish protein; prion protein; protein shadoo; transcription factor; unclassified drug; amino acid sequence; article; binding site; brain; controlled study; DNA footprinting; evolutionary homology; fish genetics; gene function; gene identification; gene ord Comparative genomics; Conserved contiguity; Phylogenetic analysis; Phylogenetic footprinting; Regulatory sequences; Repeats
dc.titleEvolution of Vertebrate Genes Related to Prion and Shadoo Proteins - clues from Comparative Genomic Analysis
dc.typeJournal article
local.bibliographicCitation.issue12
local.bibliographicCitation.lastpage2231
local.bibliographicCitation.startpage2210
local.contributor.affiliationPremzl, Marko, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, ANU
local.contributor.affiliationGready, Jill, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, ANU
local.contributor.affiliationJermiin, Lars Sommer, University of Sydney
local.contributor.affiliationSimonic, Tatjana, Universita di Milano
local.contributor.affiliationGraves, Jennifer, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, ANU
local.contributor.authoremailu9508375@anu.edu.au
local.contributor.authoruidPremzl, Marko, u3947506
local.contributor.authoruidGready, Jill, u9508375
local.contributor.authoruidGraves, Jennifer, u4021869
local.description.notesImported from ARIES
local.description.refereedYes
local.identifier.absfor060409 - Molecular Evolution
local.identifier.absfor060499 - Genetics not elsewhere classified
local.identifier.absfor060405 - Gene Expression (incl. Microarray and other genome-wide approaches)
local.identifier.ariespublicationMigratedxPub14660
local.identifier.citationvolume21
local.identifier.doi10.1093/molbev/msh245
local.identifier.scopusID2-s2.0-8444247483
local.identifier.thomsonID000225074900004
local.identifier.uidSubmittedByMigrated
local.type.statusPublished Version

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