Modulation of Type-1 and Type-2 Cannabinoid Receptors by Saffron in a Rat Model of Retinal Neurodegeneration

dc.contributor.authorMaccarone, Rita
dc.contributor.authorRapino, Cinzia
dc.contributor.authorZerti, Darin
dc.contributor.authordi Tommaso, Monia
dc.contributor.authorBattista, Natalia
dc.contributor.authorDi Marco, Stefano
dc.contributor.authorBisti, Silvia
dc.contributor.authorMaccarrone, Mauro
dc.date.accessioned2018-08-01T01:54:42Z
dc.date.available2018-08-01T01:54:42Z
dc.date.issued2016-11-18
dc.description.abstractExperimental studies demonstrated that saffron (Crocus sativus) given as a dietary supplement counteracts the effects of bright continuous light (BCL) exposure in the albino rat retina, preserving both morphology and function and probably acting as a regulator of programmed cell death [1]. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether the neuroprotective effect of saffron on rat retina exposed to BCL is associated with a modulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). To this aim, we used eight experimental groups of Sprague-Dawley rats, of which six were exposed to BCL for 24 hours. Following retinal function evaluation, retinas were quickly removed for biochemical and morphological analyses. Rats were either saffron-prefed or intravitreally injected with selective type-1 (CB1) or type-2 (CB2) cannabinoid receptor antagonists before BCL. Prefeeding and intravitreally injections were combined in two experimental groups before BCL. BCL exposure led to enhanced gene and protein expression of retinal CB1 and CB2 without affecting the other ECS elements. This effect of BCL on CB1 and CB2 was reversed by saffron treatment. Selective CB1 and CB2 antagonists reduced photoreceptor death, preserved morphology and visual function of retina, and mitigated the outer nuclear layer (ONL) damage due to BCL. Of interest, CB2-dependent neuroprotection was more pronounced than that conferred by CB1. These data suggest that BCL modulates only distinct ECS elements like CB1 and CB2, and that saffron and cannabinoid receptors could share the same mechanism in order to afford retinal protection.en_AU
dc.description.sponsorshipThis investigation was supported by Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (PRIN 2010-2011 grant) to MM, to SB and by Mr. Francesco Segafredo, Essse Caffè S.p.A.en_AU
dc.format20 pagesen_AU
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/145900
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_AU
dc.rights© 2016 Maccarone et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.en_AU
dc.sourcePloS oneen_AU
dc.subjectanimalsen_AU
dc.subjectapoptosisen_AU
dc.subjectcrocusen_AU
dc.subjectdietary supplementsen_AU
dc.subjectendocannabinoidsen_AU
dc.subjectgene expression regulationen_AU
dc.subjectlighten_AU
dc.subjectneuroprotective agentsen_AU
dc.subjectphotoreceptor cellsen_AU
dc.subjectplant extractsen_AU
dc.subjectprotein transporten_AU
dc.subjectratsen_AU
dc.subjectreceptor, cannabinoid, cb1en_AU
dc.subjectreceptor, cannabinoid, cb2en_AU
dc.subjectretinaen_AU
dc.subjectretinal degenerationen_AU
dc.titleModulation of Type-1 and Type-2 Cannabinoid Receptors by Saffron in a Rat Model of Retinal Neurodegenerationen_AU
dc.typeJournal articleen_AU
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_AU
dcterms.dateAccepted2016-11-04
local.bibliographicCitation.issue11en_AU
local.bibliographicCitation.startpagee0166827en_AU
local.contributor.affiliationBisti, Silvia, Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, CoS Research School of Biology, The Australian National Universityen_AU
local.contributor.authoremailsilvia.bisti@univaq.iten_AU
local.contributor.authoruidu4721712en_AU
local.identifier.citationvolume11en_AU
local.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0166827en_AU
local.identifier.essn1932-6203en_AU
local.identifier.uidSubmittedByu4579722en_AU
local.publisher.urlhttps://www.plos.org/en_AU
local.type.statusPublished Versionen_AU

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