The Future of Ecosystem Services in Asia and the Pacific

Date

2016-07-28

Authors

Kubiszewski, Ida
Anderson, Sharolyn J.
Costanza, Robert
Sutton, Paul C.

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

Wiley Open Access

Abstract

We estimated the current value of ecosystem services for terrestrial ecosystems in 47 countries in the Asia and the Pacific region. Currently, these provide $US14 trillion/yr. in benefits, most of which are non-marketed and do not show up in GDP. We also estimated the changes in terrestrial ecosystem services value for scenarios to the year 2050, built around the four Great Transition Initiative archetypes: (1) Market Forces (MF); (2) Fortress World (FW); (3) Policy Reform (PR); and (4) Great Transition (GT). Results show that under the MF and FW scenarios the ecosystem services value in the region continues to decline from $14 trillion/yr in 2011 to $11 and $9 trillion/yr in 2050, respectively. In the PR scenario, the value is maintained around $14 Trillion/yr in 2050 and in the GT scenario it is significantly restored to $17 Trillion/yr. We also show more detailed maps and results for 8 selected countries in the region (Bhutan, China, India, Philippines, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam) and compare our results with a previous national study of Bhutan. Our results indicate that adopting a set of policies like those assumed in the GT scenario would greatly enhance human wellbeing and sustainability in the region.

Description

Keywords

Ecosystem Services, Scenario Planning, Sustainable Development, WellBeing, Ecosystem service mapping

Citation

Source

Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies

Type

Journal article

Book Title

Entity type

Access Statement

Open Access

License Rights

Restricted until