Evolutionary Diversity Peaks at Mid-Elevations Along an Amazon-to-Andes Elevation Gradient

dc.contributor.authorGriffiths, Andy R.
dc.contributor.authorSilman, Miles R
dc.contributor.authorFarfan Rios, William
dc.contributor.authorFeeley, Kenneth J.
dc.contributor.authorCabrera, Karina García
dc.contributor.authorMeir, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorSalinas, Norma
dc.contributor.authorSegovia, Ricardo A
dc.contributor.authorDexter, Kyle G
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-12T01:52:25Z
dc.date.available2023-04-12T01:52:25Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.date.updated2022-01-23T07:18:24Z
dc.description.abstractElevation gradients present enigmatic diversity patterns, with trends often dependent on the dimension of diversity considered. However, focus is often on patterns of taxonomic diversity and interactions between diversity gradients and evolutionary factors, such as lineage age, are poorly understood. We combine forest census data with a genus level phylogeny representing tree ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms, and an evolutionary depth of 382 million years, to investigate taxonomic and evolutionary diversity patterns across a long tropical montane forest elevation gradient on the Amazonian flank of the Peruvian Andes. We find that evolutionary diversity peaks at mid-elevations and contrasts with taxonomic richness, which is invariant from low to mid-elevation, but then decreases with elevation. We suggest that this trend interacts with variation in the evolutionary ages of lineages across elevation, with contrasting distribution trends between younger and older lineages. For example, while 53% of young lineages (originated by 10 million years ago) occur only below ∼1,750 m asl, just 13% of old lineages (originated by 110 million years ago) are restricted to below ∼1,750 m asl. Overall our results support an Environmental Crossroads hypothesis, whereby a mid-gradient mingling of distinct floras creates an evolutionary diversity in mid-elevation Andean forests that rivals that of the Amazonian lowlands.en_AU
dc.description.sponsorshipAG was supported by the NERC-E3DTP studentship (grant no. NERC NE/L002558/1) and a grant from the Moss family. PM was supported by NERC (grant no. NE/G018278/1) and ARC (grant no. DP170104091). KF was supported by the US National Science Foundation (grant no. NSF DEB LTREB 1754664). MS was supported by NSF DEB LTREB (grant no. 1754647). Andes Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Group (ABERG) tree plots were funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Andes-Amazon Program, ForestPlots, and US National Science Foundation LTREB grant no. 1754647en_AU
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen_AU
dc.identifier.issn2296-701Xen_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/288856
dc.language.isoen_AUen_AU
dc.provenanceThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these termsen_AU
dc.publisherFrontiers Research Foundationen_AU
dc.relationhttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP170104091en_AU
dc.rightsCopyright © 2021 Griffiths, Silman, Farfan-Rios, Feeley, Cabrera, Meir, Salinas, Segovia and Dexter.en_AU
dc.rights.licenseCreative Commons Attribution Licenseen_AU
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_AU
dc.sourceFrontiers in Ecology and Evolutionen_AU
dc.subjectdiversity gradienten_AU
dc.subjectlineage diversityen_AU
dc.subjectlineage ageen_AU
dc.subjecttropical montane foresten_AU
dc.subjectTILDen_AU
dc.subjectenvironmental crossroadsen_AU
dc.titleEvolutionary Diversity Peaks at Mid-Elevations Along an Amazon-to-Andes Elevation Gradienten_AU
dc.typeJournal articleen_AU
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_AU
local.bibliographicCitation.lastpage10en_AU
local.bibliographicCitation.startpage1en_AU
local.contributor.affiliationGriffiths, Andy R., University of Edinburghen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationSilman, Miles R , Wake Forest Universityen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationFarfan Rios, William, Washington University in Saint Louisen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationFeeley, Kenneth J., University of Miamien_AU
local.contributor.affiliationCabrera, Karina García , Wake Forest Universityen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationMeir, Patrick, College of Science, ANUen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationSalinas, Norma, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peruen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationSegovia, Ricardo A, Universidad de Concepcionen_AU
local.contributor.affiliationDexter, Kyle G , Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburghen_AU
local.contributor.authoremailu4875047@anu.edu.auen_AU
local.contributor.authoruidMeir, Patrick, u4875047en_AU
local.description.notesImported from ARIESen_AU
local.identifier.absfor310806 - Plant physiologyen_AU
local.identifier.absseo280102 - Expanding knowledge in the biological sciencesen_AU
local.identifier.ariespublicationa383154xPUB22084en_AU
local.identifier.citationvolume9en_AU
local.identifier.doi10.3389/fevo.2021.680041en_AU
local.identifier.scopusID2-s2.0-85114434664
local.identifier.uidSubmittedBya383154en_AU
local.publisher.urlhttps://www.frontiersin.org/en_AU
local.type.statusPublished Versionen_AU

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