Feasibility of squeezing measurements with cavity-based atom detection

Abstract

We numerically analyze the quantum efficiency and dark noise of a cavity-based single-atom detector, with particular emphasis on the ability to measure number squeezing in an atom-laser beam. We consider the influence of the electric-dipole force on an atom in a red-detuned detection beam and discuss the much improved detection efficiency for detuned probe beams, with respect to resonant probes, resulting from this influence. Cavities allow real-time monitoring of atomic flux, with single-atom resolution, but they are much slower than their analog in photonics (the avalanche photodiode), so flux limits must be imposed. The proposed detector operates at a maximum flux of 5000 atoms/second, but with a shot-noise clearance of up to 23 dB, allowing the full advantage afforded by number squeezing to be observed.