Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Cognitive Impairment: Understanding the Importance of Co-Morbid Symptoms

Date

2017

Authors

Mortby, Moyra
Burns, Richard
Eramudugolla, Ranmalee
Ismail, Zahinoor
Anstey, Kaarin

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

IOS Press

Abstract

Abstract Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in older adults with cognitive impairment, yet little is known about population-based prevalence and clinical implications of co-morbid symptom presentation across the spectrum from normal cognition to dementia. Objective: To characterize the prevalence of NPS and explore the clinical implications of co-morbid symptom presentation. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 1,417 older adults (aged 73–79) with dementia (n = 40); with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 133); who are ‘cognitively normal, but-at-risk’ (CN-AR; n = 397); and who are cognitively normal (n = 847). NPS were assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Cluster analyses were conducted using a latent class analysis (LCA). Results: NPS are highly prevalent across the cognitive function spectrum (30.8% –80%). NPS were associated with a 3-fold increased risk of dementia, a 2-fold increased risk of MCI, and a 1.5-times increased risk of CN-AR. Each additional co-morbid symptom was associated with an additional 1.5-times increased risk of dementia, but not MCI or CN-AR. LCA revealed four distinctive sub-populations: 1) frontal/low comorbidity; 2) high prevalence/high comorbidity; 3) affective/low comorbidity; and 4) sleep/low comorbidity. Conclusion: Our findings confirm previous reports on the prevalence of NPS in community-based samples and are consistent with the profiles of NPS domain characteristics of MCI and dementia. Number of co-morbid NPS and not symptom clusters are associated with increased risk of dementia. Understanding such patterns will help inform our understanding of mild behavioral disorders and assist with clinical assessment

Description

Keywords

Cognitively normal, dementia, mild behavioural impairment, mild cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric symptoms

Citation

Source

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease

Type

Journal article

Book Title

Entity type

Access Statement

License Rights

Restricted until

2099-12-31