Dissipation and the relaxation to equilibrium

Date

2009

Authors

Evans, Denis
Searles, Debra
Williams, Stephen

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

Institute of Physics Publishing

Abstract

Using the recently derived dissipation theorem and a corollary of the transient fluctuation theorem (TFT), namely the second-law inequality, we derive the unique time independent, equilibrium phase space distribution function for an ergodic Hamiltonian system in contact with a remote heat bath. We prove under very general conditions that any deviation from this equilibrium distribution breaks the time independence of the distribution. Provided temporal correlations decay, we show that any nonequilibrium distribution that is an even function of the momenta eventually relaxes (not necessarily monotonically) to the equilibrium distribution. Finally we prove that the negative logarithm of the microscopic partition function is equal to the thermodynamic Helmholtz free energy divided by the thermodynamic temperature and Boltzmann's constant. Our results complement and extend the findings of modern ergodic theory and show the importance of dissipation in the process of relaxation towards equilibrium.

Description

Keywords

Keywords: Molecular dynamics; Rigorous results in statistical mechanics

Citation

Source

Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment

Type

Journal article

Book Title

Entity type

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Restricted until

2037-12-31