Multipartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering and genuine tripartite entanglement with optical networks
Date
2015-01-05
Authors
Armstrong, Seiji
Wang, Meng
Teh, Run Yan
Gong, Qihuang
He, Qiongyi
Janousek, Jiri
Bachor, Hans
Reid, Margaret D.
Lam, Ping Koy
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Nature Publishing Group
Abstract
The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox established a link between
entanglement and nonlocality in quantum mechanics. EPR steering is the
nonlocality associated with the EPR paradox and has traditionally only been
investigated between two parties. Here, we present the first experimental
observations of multipartite EPR steering, and of the genuine tripartite
continuous variable entanglement of three mesoscopic optical systems. We
explore different linear optics networks - each one with optimised asymmetries
- that create multipartite steerable states containing different numbers of
quantised optical modes (qumodes). By introducing asymmetric loss on a 7-qumode
state, we characterize 8 regimes of directional steering, showing that N + 1
regimes exist for an N-qumode state. Further, we reveal the directional
monogamy of steering, and experimentally demonstrate continuous variable
one-sided semi device-independent quantum secret sharing. Our methods establish
principles for the development of multiparty quantum communication protocols
with asymmetric observers, and can be extended to qubits, whether photonic,
atomic, superconducting, or otherwise.
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Source
Nature Physics
Type
Journal article