A CESA from Griffithsia monilis (Rhodophyta, Florideophyceae) has a family 48 carbohydrate-binding module

Date

2010

Authors

Matthews, Peter
Schindler , Michael
Howles, Paul
Arioli, Tony
Williamson, Richard

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Abstract

Cellulose synthases form rosette terminal complexes in the plasma membranes of Streptophyta and various linear terminal complexes in other taxa. The sequence of a putative CESA from Griffithsia monilis (Rhodophyta, Floridiophyceae) was deduced using a cloning strategy involving degenerate primers, a cDNA library screen, and 5′ and 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). RACE identified two alternative transcriptional starts and four alternative polyadenylation sites. The first translation start codon provided an open reading frame of 2610bp encoding 870 amino acids and was PCR amplified without introns from genomic DNA. Southern hybridization indicated one strongly hybridizing gene with possible weakly related genes or pseudogenes. Amino acid sequence analysis identified a family 48 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) upstream of the protein's first predicted transmembrane domain. There are broad similarities in predicted 3D structures of the family 48 modules from CESA, from several glycogen- and starch-binding enzymes, and from protein kinases, but there are substitutions at some residues thought to be involved in ligand binding. The module in G. monilis CESA will be on the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane so that it could potentially bind either low molecular weight ligands or starch which is cytosolic rather than inside membrane-bound plastids in red algae. Possible reasons why red algal CESAs have evolved family 48 modules perhaps as part of a system to regulate cellulose synthase activity in relation to cellular carbohydrate status are briefly discussed.

Description

Keywords

Keywords: carbohydrate; cellulose synthase; complementary DNA; glucosyltransferase; amino acid sequence; animal; Arabidopsis; article; chemical structure; chemistry; DNA sequence; enzymology; gene dosage; genetics; intron; metabolism; molecular genetics; nucleotide Carbohydrate-binding module; cellulose synthase; CESA; family 48 CBM; Griffithsia monilis; predicted 3D structure; red algae; Rhodophyta; starch binding; sugar sensing

Citation

Source

Journal of Experimental Botany

Type

Journal article

Book Title

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2037-12-31