Sediment mixing at Nonda Rock: investigations of stratigraphic integrity at an early archaeological site in northern Australia and implications for the human colonisation of the continent

Date

2007

Authors

David, Bruno
Roberts, Richard
Magee, John
Mialanes, Jerome
Turney, Christian
Bird, Michael I
White, Chris
Fifield, L Keith
Tibby, John

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

Wiley-VCH Verlag GMBH

Abstract

Archaeological excavations in sediments dating to between 60 000 and 40 000 years ago are rare in Australia. Yet this is precisely the period in which most archaeologists consider that Aboriginal people arrived on the continent. In the few cases where such early sites have been investigated, questions have invariably been raised as to the reliability of stratigraphic associations between cultural items and the surrounding sediments. This paper describes a method for examining sediment mixing in a stratigraphic sequence using the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signals from individual sand-sized grains of quartz. We apply this method to the archaeological site of Nonda Rock (north Queensland), in combination with radiocarbon dating of charcoal fragments, to construct chronologies for human occupation and for the preceding, culturally sterile, deposits. Our age estimates have implications for the timing of first human arrival in Australia.

Description

Keywords

Keywords: archaeology; colonization; human settlement; indigenous population; luminescence dating; Pleistocene; radiocarbon dating; Australasia; Australia; Nonda Rock; Queensland Australian archaeology; Early occupation sites; Human colonisation; North Queensland; Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL); Pleistocene archaeology; Radiocarbon dating; Sediment mixing; Single-grain dating

Citation

Source

Journal of Quaternary Science

Type

Journal article

Book Title

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Restricted until

2037-12-31