Learning the Languages of the Chloroplast: Retrograde Signaling and Beyond
Date
2016-04-29
Authors
Chan, Kai Xun
Phua, Su Yin
Crisp, Peter
McQuinn, Ryan
Pogson, Barry
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Annual Reviews
Abstract
The chloroplast can act as an environmental sensor, communicating with the cell during biogenesis and operation to change the expression of thousands of proteins. This process, termed retrograde signaling, regulates expression in response to developmental cues and stresses that affect photosynthesis and yield. Recent advances have identified many signals and pathways-including carotenoid derivatives, isoprenes, phosphoadenosines, tetrapyrroles, and heme, together with reactive oxygen species and proteins-that build a communication network to regulate gene expression, RNA turnover, and splicing. However, retrograde signaling pathways have been viewed largely as a means of bilateral communication between organelles and nuclei, ignoring their potential to interact with hormone signaling and the cell as a whole to regulate plant form and function. Here, we discuss new findings on the processes by which organelle communication is initiated, transmitted, and perceived, not only to regulate chloroplastic processes but also to intersect with cellular signaling and alter physiological responses.
Description
Keywords
abiotic stress, biogenesis, development, high light, photosynthesis, plastid
Citation
Collections
Source
Annual review of plant biology
Type
Journal article
Book Title
Entity type
Access Statement
Open Access
License Rights
Restricted until
Downloads
File
Description
Supplementary material