ANU School of Culture, History and Language
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/1885/143969
The School of Culture, History and Language (CHL) is a community of researchers dedicated to investigating and learning with and about the people, languages, and lands of Asia and the Pacific.
CHL remains the core of expert Australian knowledge on the Asia Pacific Region within the College of Asia and the Pacific at the Australian National University.
The College of Asia and the Pacific is unique at ANU in transdisciplinary and interregional foundation and the School exemplifies this outlook. Our research is organised around research themes of Culture, History, Language and Environment which include the discipline areas of
• Anthropology
• Archaeology and Natural History
• Gender, Media and Cultural Studies
• Languages
• Linguistics
• Pacific and Asian History
We create knowledge that is specialised, critical, engaged with current discourses and debates within the many disciplines incorporated into our structure. The School’s structure is diverse and inclusive. We embrace and relish diversity as a core strength. From this diversity comes the complexity necessary to support a research environment which supports innovative and influential teaching and research.
The study, teaching and valuing of Asian languages at the School is unsurpassed in its diversity within Australia and is held as a core value of our school. Its excellence underpins the cultural knowledge and expertise of our scholars. Our language teachers operate at the forefront of language learning and research, with innovative online courses designed to complement in-person programs.
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Item Open Access Pacific and Asian History Newsletter(Canberra, ACT: Dept. of Pacific and Asian History, School of Culture, History and Languag, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University) Australian National University. Dept. of Pacific and Asian HistoryThe PAH newsletter aims to bring you the latest news on upcoming events, publications, and people working within the department.Item Metadata only Evidence for changes in Holocene vegetation and lake sedimentation in the Markham Valley, Papua New Guinea: Appendix 1(Canberra, ACT: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Garrett-Jones, SamuelContains around 200 pollen and spore images from the flora of the Markham Valley, Papua New Guinea.Item Metadata only The Present and Former Vegetation of the Wabag Region of New Guinea(Canberra, ACT: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Flenley, JohnContains around 134 pollen and spore images with morphological key from the flora of the Wabag Region, Papua New Guinea.Item Open Access Torres Strait Pollen Flora(Canberra, ACT: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Rowe, CassandraContains around 60 pollen and spore images from the flora of Mua and Badu Islands, Torres Strait.Item Metadata only The Impact of Man on the Vegetation of the Mt. Hagen Region, New Guinea(Canberra, ACT: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Powell, Jocelyn MContains around 350 pollen and spore images and 92 seed images from the flora of the Wahgi Valley, Papua New Guinea.Item Metadata only Pollen Sedimentation In The Snowy Mountains: Appendix A(Canberra, ACT: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Raine, J. IanContains around 130 pollen and spore images from the flora of the Snowy Mountains, NSW, Australia.Item Open Access Pollen microphotographs from Georgia, Caucasus.(Canberra, ACT: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Connor, Simon E; Kvavadze, Eliso VContains 166 photographs of pollen grains that are commonly encountered in sediments from Georgia, are difficult to identify or are endemic to the regionItem Open Access New Caledonia pollen flora(Canberra, ACT: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Stevenson, JanelleContains around 360 pollen and spore images from the flora of New Caledonia.Item Open Access Pollen and spores of Southern Chile and the Juan Fernandez Archipelago(Canberra, ACT: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Haberle, SimonContains 63 pollen and spore image sheets from the flora of southern Chile (Region XI) and the Juan Fernandez Archipelago.Item Open Access AustArch1: A database of 14C and luminescence ages from archaeological sites in the Australian arid zone(Canberra, ACT : PalaeoWorks, Dept. of Archaeology & Natural History, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Williams, A. N; Smith, M. A; Turney, C. S. M; Cuper, M. LAustArch1 is database of 14C and luminescence ages from archaeological sites in the Australian arid zone.Item Open Access The Australasian Pollen and Spore Atlas (APSA)(Canberra, ACT : PalaeoWorks, Dept. of Archaeology & Natural History, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Haberle, SimonThe Australasian Pollen and Spore Atlas (APSA) is designed to enable free online accessibility to the largest collection of pollen and spores information in the Australasian region. The collection currently holds details on over 15,000 speciesItem Open Access Geochemistry and identification of Australian red ochre deposits(Canberra, ACT : PalaeoWorks, Dept. of Archaeology & Natural History, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Smith, M; Fankhauser, BBetween 1994 and 1998 the authors undertook a project to look at the feasibility of using geochemical signatures to identify the sources of ochres recovered in archaeological excavations. This research was supported by AIATSIS research grants G94/4879, G96/5222 and G98/6143.The two substantive reports on this research (listed below) have remained unpublished until now and are brought together in this Palaeoworks Technical Paper to make them more generally accessible to students and other researchers. Smith, M. A. and B. Fankhauser (1996) An archaeological perspective on the geochemistry of Australian red ochre deposits: Prospects for fingerprinting major sources. A report to the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, Canberra. Smith, M. A. and B. Fankhauser (2003) G96/5222 - Further characterisation and sourcing of archaeological ochres. A report to the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, Canberra.Item Open Access Outcomes of the 2004 OZ-INTIMATE Meeting, ANSTO, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia(Canberra, ACT : PalaeoWorks, Dept. of Archaeology & Natural History, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, The Australian National University) OZ-INTIMATE Members; Haberle, SimonThe objectives of the inaugural OZ-INTIMATE meeting held at ANSTO in September 2004 were: (1) identify and prioritise Australian onshore and offshore reference records for the OIS 2/1 transition, and (2) promote ways to effect high-precision and dating of key Australian onshore and offshore records for the determination of a regional event stratigraphy. At the meeting there was unanimous agreement between the c. 26 attendee's that a poster be produced by the OZ-INTIMATE community for discussion at the Decenber meeting of AQUA. This poster deals with continuous proxy records spanning 30 ka to the late Holocene and contains the Northern Hemisphere chronostratigraphic zones (grey bars: 8.2ka Cold Event, Younger Dryas YD, Older Dryas OD) and Antarctic ice records of CO2 and the ACR (Antarctic Cold Reversal) for comparative purposes. Data has been contributed from workshop participants. The poster forms a template for an event stratigraphy-focussed outcome derived from key continuous proxy records spanning early Holocene to c. 30 ka. Fragmentary terrestrial records (i.e. glacial advance/retreat, tree-ring and coral data) have been incorporated where appropriate and quantitative estimates for key time periods (i.e. LGM SSTs) are also included. Development of an event stratigraphy for the OZ and NZ based records will be a longer term process that is the aim for presentation at the 2007 INQUA Cairns symposium, though an event stratigraphy should be developed well in-advance of the Cairns meeting.Item Open Access Simple bucket flotation and wet-sieving in the wet tropics(Canberra, ACT : PalaeoWorks, Dept. of Archaeology & Natural History, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Fairbairn, AndrewFlotation and wet-sieving are simple techniques for recovering plant remains, animal bones, shells, small artefacts etc from archaeological deposits. Many different methods and machines have been designed to facilitate flotation and wet-sieving (see Pearsall 2000 for the best review of the subject). The author has successfully used the following method in numerous archaeological projects across the world, including Papua New Guinea. I do not claim to have invented this method. It is an amalgam of ideas and techniques derived both from methods taught to me by a variety of people, such as Gordon Hillman, John Giorgi and Mark Nesbitt, and my own experimentation. The method is simple, requiring either equipment available in even the most remote locations or that which is light and easy to carry, but is very effective, even in the, sometimes difficult, conditions seen in the tropical regions. In fact, the close control over the flotation process that this method affords is perfectly suited to the many archaeological deposits found in the area containing plant remains that do not float! The example used to illustrate the method is that of excavations at Lachitu Cave and Taora Rockshelter, Fichin Village, Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea, undertaken in May and June 2004. I end this introduction with a cautionary note: no single method is suitable for every site and soil the archaeologist encounters; experimentation, practice and persistence, with reference to key principles, are the keys to success. Bearing this in mind, this guide should be seen as a starting point for experimenting with suitable techniques for your site.Item Open Access Ethnobotany of the Tari Basin, Papua New Guinea(Canberra, ACT : PalaeoWorks, Dept. of Archaeology & Natural History, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Haberle, SimonThe natural vegetation of New Guinea is extremely diverse, with many different plant communities occupying the varied terrain from coastal flats to high mountain slopes (Paijmans, 1976). The Huli people occupy the Tari Basin and adjacent limestone valleys and slopes at altitudes between 1600m and 2700m in the Southern Highland Province of Papua New Guinea. Swampland, grassland, gardens and regrowth forest form a mosaic of vegetation types at the lower altitudes while forest covers most of the steep slopes and ridges. The surrounding mountains are primarily of volcanic origin and rise to around 3560m. This contribution to the botany and ethnobotany of the area brings together a number of diverse botanically related studies conducted over the last 25 years and is designed to be of general interest to researchers working in the region. Ethnobotany of the Tari Basin, S.H.P., Papua New Guinea, is a compilation of species known to occur within the basin and incorporates into this list information on life form, Huli name and potential use by the Huli. The variety of plant life within the basin is brought out by the fact that there are at least 1162 different species present and that probably over 30% of these are used in some way by the Huli. Classification of different plants is based primarily on form. There tends to be a direct relationship between the economic value of a given plant and recognition of varieties by the Huli of that plant. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) has at least 171 Huli names recorded and are distinguished on characteristics such as, tuber colour and size and leaf shape. Pandanus julianettii and Taro (Colocasia esculenta) are two other examples of plants that have undergone detailed varietal classification by the Huli. Data on the collectors and herbarium numbers has also been included in the lists as a general indication of collection location and habitat.Item Metadata only Fungal Spores in Archaeological Context: Part 1: Background evidence(Canberra, ACT : PalaeoWorks, Dept. of Archaeology & Natural History, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Macphail, Mike; Stevenson, JanelleItem Open Access Macro Charcoal Analysis: A modified technique used by the Department of Archaeology and Natural History(Canberra, ACT : PalaeoWorks, Dept. of Archaeology & Natural History, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Stevenson, Janelle; Haberle, SimonThe 'macro charcoal' analysis outline here is designed to be carried out on contiguously sampled sediments; ie. the whole core is able to be analysed. The need to develop a fast, low cost method for charcoal extraction has arisen from the realization that low resolution analysis does not give an adequate indication of the frequency or concentration of charcoal being deposited in a sediment column. Continuous sampling enables the researcher to assess the frequency of charcoal peak events or episodes and therefore provides a window into the nature of past fire regimes. Different methods fro charcoal extraction and analysis have been developed (see reading list below). Here we outline a method adopted at the Department of Archaeology and Natural History which is adapted from a method developed by Rhodes, A.N. (1995 A method for the preparation and quantification of microscopic charcoal from terrestrial and lacustrine sediment cores. The Holocene 8, 113-117.). Using this approach we have been able to complete extraction and analysis of around 32 samples in 2 half-day sessions in the lab.Item Open Access Indo-Pacific Pollen Database(Canberra, ACT : PalaeoWorks, Dept. of Archaeology & Natural History, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Hope, GeoffThe IPPD is a volunteer effort to assemble pollen data from a region extending from the Indian to the Pacific Ocean. The database contains information on over 1000 pollen sitesItem Metadata only Natural Histories: An illustrated guide to fossil pollen and spores preserved in swamps and mires of the Southern Highlands, NSW(Canberra, ACT : PalaeoWorks, Dept. of Archaeology & Natural History, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, The Australian National University) Macphail, Mike; Hope, GeoffThe shape of the land the plants that grow upon it our own activities all reflect events that happened hundreds to hundreds of millions of years ago. This (our) Past is recorded in many ways - by written records, in unwritten records such as the items we make then lose or throw away as rubbish and by natural records such as macrofossils visible to the naked eye and microfossils visible only under the microscope. Some of the more important microfossil records of past environments are pollen and spores which provide direct evidence of past plant communities and indirect evidence of the forces, human and natural, that have control led their dynamics and distribution. This Guide illustrates fossil pollen and fem spores commonly found in swamps, mires and other organic-rich sediments on the Southern Highlands of New South Wales and because of a similar flora, also on the Northeastern Highlands of Victoria. The Guide does not illustrate the spectrum of fossil fungal and algal remains that often are common to abundant in the same deposits.Item Open Access Archaeology and Natural History Newsletter(Canberra, ACT : Archaeology and Natural History, School of Culture, History & Language College of Asia & the Pacific, The Australian National University) Australian National University. Archaeology and Natural HistoryResearch in Archaeology and Natural History at the ANU School of Culture, History and Language aims to understand prehistoric human societies, the environments in which they developed and the environmental consequences of human presence. Departmental research ranges from southeast Asia and the Pacific, through the tropical forests of New Guinea and the savannahs of Australia, to the islands of Oceania. Field research in ANH is supported by well-equipped laboratories that were fully updated and refurbished during 2009. Our laboratories support research into prehistoric textiles, archaeobotanical remains, rock art, prehistoric environments, zoological material and ceramics. ANH houses the largest pollen reference collection in Australia, as well as plant, bone, shell and ceramic collections. We also have access to world-class ANU facilities for archaeological dating, stable isotope analysis, and electron microscopy.