ANU Publications
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Publication Open Access Foreign exchange aspects of Australia-Japan economic relations(Canberra : Australian National University, 1974., 1974) Arndt, Heinz Wolfgang; Australia-Japan Economic Relations Research ProjectThe object of this paper is to examine some issues relating to foreign exchange market arrangements and policies which may be significant for the future of trade and other economic relations between Australia and Japan.Publication Open Access Federalism and the environment(Canberra : Centre for Research on Federal Financial Relations, Australian National University : distributed by ANUTECH, 1985., 1985) Mathews, Russell LloydDuring the past two decades a number of major conservation controversies have occurred in Australia.Publication Open Access Federal election returns 1977 and 1976 census summary file, merged data : user's guide for the machine-readable data file / ... prepared by Social Science Data Archives.(Canberra : Social Science Data Archives, Australian National University, 1982., 1982) McAllister, Ian, 1950-; Australian National University. Social Science Data ArchivesIn this dataset, data from the 1976 census are matched to results in the 1977 federal election, according to the federal electoral divisions which existed prior to the 19 77 boundary redistribution. For each electoral division, the following nformation on the population is available: gender, racial origin, labour force participation, occupational status, occupation, employment sector, age, birthplace, languages spoken, parents' birthplace, citizenship/residence in Australia, religion, schooling, educational level attained, highest qualifications obtained, annual personal, family andhousehold income, social security, pensions, physical characteristics of the dwelling, occupancy status, rent/mortgages and motor vehicles at the dwelling.Publication Open Access Flashpoints in the Gulf(Canberra : Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, 1982., 1982) Sreedhar; Australian National University. Strategic and Defence Studies CentreWhat are the factors that can disturb the status quo in the Gulf? The author examines the Ka'bah (Grand Mosque) seizure and the prospects of an Iranian type of revolution taking place in Saudi Arabia; the extent to which liberation movements in the region have been revived; and the emerging patterns in Iran, the largest country in the region. The author argues that the nationalist forces in the region got a new lease of life with the success of the Iranian Revolution and are now asserting their position.Publication Open Access Fiscal policy, demand expansion and the exchange rate / J. D. Pitchford.(Canberra : Dept. of Economics, Australian National University, 1986., 1986) Pitchford, J. D. (John David), 1932-The conventional analysis of the effects of fiscal expansion in an economy open to trade and capital flows,is that it will appreciate the exchange rate because of its tendency to raise domestic interest rates and thus attract foreign capital.Publication Open Access Fiscal stress and health policy in the A.C.T. / J.R.G. Butler and Amanda L. Neil.(Canberra : National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, the Australian National University, 1991., 1991) Butler, J. R. G. (James Robert Gerard), 1952-, (contributor.); Neil, Amanda L. (contributor.); National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (Australia) (contributor.)Since 1981 the financing of the ACT has been subject to four inquiries by the Commonwealth Grants Commission. These inquiries have heralded the inclusion of the ACT in the fiscal equalisation process between Australian States and Territories, which significantly affects their general revenue grants from the Commonwealth. These inquiries have also produced evidence of generous Commonwealth funding of the ACT compared with the other States. These funding levels have given rise to "over-spending" on service provision by the ACT government. The ACT government is not currently responsible for all identified "over-spending", being buffered to some extent by transitional allowances recommended by the Grants Commission. The ACT government is, however, experiencing fiscal stress for the "over-spending" for which it is responsible. This stress is expected to increase in the future as ACT government comes to bear the the full burden of all "overspending". A significant cause of the "over-spending" identified by the Grants Commission was health services expenditure. This situation has raised a number of interesting questions. Is this "over-spending" on health a conscious policy decision to produce a higher quantity/quality combination of health services in the ACT? Or, does it represent inefficiency? What policy options are appropriate in view of the "over-spending" on health? This paper addresses these questions using data from the Grants Commission inquiries and a recently released study of hospital utilisation and costs in Australia. It is concluded that, at least with respect to public hospitals in the ACT, that excessive staffing is the primary cause of "over-spending". There is little evidence to support an argument that this "over-spending" is resulting in superior health outcomes for ACT citizens.Publication Open Access Fertility and family planning in the South Pacific / Christine McMurray and David Lucas.(Canberra, A.C.T., Australia : National Centre for Development Studies, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, c1990., 1990) McMurray, Christine.; Lucas, David, 1938-; Australian National University. National Centre for Development StudiesFour of the five countries of Melanesia - New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu - form a long chain of islands on the western fringe of the Pacific Ocean.Publication Open Access Financial flows in Papua New Guinea : the accounting framework / [by] T.B. Roberts.(Canberra : Research School of Pacific Studies, Dept. of Economics, Australian National University, 1975., 1975) Roberts, Terence Brian. (contributor.); Australian National University. Research School of Pacific Studies. Department of Economics. (contributor.)There is no single classification system for the recording of the transactions which occur in any economy.Publication Open Access Financial reform in China and Hong Kong 1978-89 : a comparative overview / Y.C. Jao.(Canberra : Australia-Japan Research Centre, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, 1991., 1991) Jao, Y. C. (contributor.); Australian National University. Research School of Pacific Studies. (contributor.); Australia-Japan Research Centre. Research Committee. (contributor.)This paper compares financial reforms in China and Hong Kong — prototypes of a command economy and a laissez-faire economy respectively—from 1978 to 1989. In China, the objectives ofßnancial reform were to correct the excesses of 'ßmncial repression', to end China's isolation from the world ßnancial system, and to build up a macroeconomic stabilisation mechanism based on'economic levers'. The paper finds that China made considerable progress towards the first two objectives, but failed to achieve the third. The main reason was that the ownership system and the price system remained largely unchanged, so that the endemic 'soft budget constraint' rendered any effective monetary-fiscal policy virtually impossible. In Hong Kong, the main objectives ofßnancial reform were to enhance its status as an international ßnancial centre, to strengthen the prudential-regulatory framework for preventing recurrent banking crises, and to design a new monetary system capable of insulating the economy from exogenous political shocks. In all three objectives, Hong Kong made notable progress during the period under review. In the concluding section, Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province and the major Chinese city closest to Hong Kong geographically and culturally, is selected for comparison with Hong Kong in terms ofßnancial deepening. The gap is found to be striking. The fashionable view that there has been a movement towards ßnancial convergence in the two economies — one moving towards liberalisation and deregulation, the other moving towards greater prudential regulation by the government — is unwarranted.Publication Open Access Fluoridation of public water supplies and public health: an old controversy revisited(Canberra : National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, 1990., 1990) Hill, Alison M.; Douglas, Robert Matheson; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (Australia)The controversy surrounding the fluoridation of public water supplies has been reignited in recent months following a decision to stop adding fluoride to the local water, by the Legislative Assembly of The Australian Capital Territory in September 1989. The decision was reversed a week later and the issue is now the subject of a parliamentary committee enquiry. The prevalence of dental caries has been declining in many parts of the western world in recent years, both in areas which have fluoridated water supplies and in those which do not. Fluoride is now widely available in topical applications and this medium has probably contributed significantly to the decline, though American studies indicate that there is a residual benefit to children who have always drunk fluoridated water. Concerns have been raised that the total intake of fluoride in some communities has now risen to a level which might create a health hazard to some individuals, and the matter has been brought to a head by a preliminary report of animal carcinogenicity in circumstances of high oral fluoride intake. Although clinical and epidemiological studies in humans have repeatedly failed to detect convincing toxicity in humans from the the upward adjustment of the fluoride content of water supplies to about 1 ppm, these new circumstances demand a continuing review of the costs and benefits of various methods of fluoride supplementation.Publication Open Access People, land and sea: development challenges in eastern Indonesia(Canberra : Demography Program, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University, 1995., 1995) Australian National University. Demography Program; Jones, Gavin W.; Raharjo, YulfitaDirectly to the east of Bali lie five Indonesian provinces, located on a string of islands across the Flores, Banda and Arafura Seas: Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Timor Timur, Maluku and Irian Jaya.Publication Open Access Federal fiscal relations in Austria(Canberra : Centre for Research on Federal Financial Relations, Australian National University, 1983., 1983) Pernthaler, Peter; Australian National University. Centre for Research on Federal Financial RelationsSystems of financial relations in federal countries or other countries with decentralised units of government should theoretically be consistent with systems of assigning competences (tasks or responsibilities) to the different levels of government. The reason for this correspondence is obvious.Publication Open Access Fiscal equalisation: political, social and economic linchpin of federation(Canberra : Federalism Research Centre, Australian National University, 1994., 1994) Mathews, Russell Lloyd; Australian National University. Federalism Research CentreFiscal equalisation in a federation is a response to horizontal fiscal imbalance among the member states of the federation.Publication Open Access Pacific cooperation: building economic and security regimes in the Asia-Pacific region(St. Leonards, NSW, Australia : Allen & Unwin in association with the Program on International Economics and Politics, East-West Center, Hawaii and Dept. of International Relations, RSPAS, ANU, Canberra, ACT, 1994) Ravenhill, John; Mack, AndrewIn the increasingly interdependent world of the 1990s, international ‘regimes’ have grown rapidly in number, in scope and in importancePublication Open Access Northern Territory urban voters survey, 1982 : user's guide for the machine-readable data file / ... prepared by Social Science Data Archives.([Canberra] : Social Science Data Archives Australian National University, 1985., 1985) Loveday, P. (Peter), 1925-; Australian National University. Social Science Data Archives; Jaensch, Dean, 1936-; Loveday, Peter.A study of population mobility and party allegiance in the urban population of the Northern Territory was carried out in order to examine whether Territorians see themselves as being 'different' and are in fact different to other Australians, with consequent political implications. Topics investigated include past and present voting preferences; attitudes towards political parties, their leaders and their policies; attitudes towards class mobility and conflict; perceived power groups; and problems facing the Northern Territory. Background variables include age; sex; country of origin; state of origin; racial identification; maritial status; occupation of self, spouse, parents and parents-in-law; duration of NT residence; union membership, club and association membership; level of education; religion.Publication Open Access Petrarch: collected studies.([Canberra] : [Australian National University Library], [1978], 1978) Australian National University. LibraryDalla metä del ’44, alia metä del ’50: mentre tacque la voce di questa rivista.Publication Open Access Parties and federalism in Australia and Canada(Canberra : Federalism Research Centre, Australian National University, 1994., 1994) Australian National University. Federalism Research Centre; Sharman, CampbellThe interaction between federalism and the party system generates a wide range of questions for political analysis. Many of these issues stem from the effect that a federal structure of government has in providing multiple forums for partisan competition for political office.Publication Open Access Manthano: an introductory course in classical Greek for university students(Canberra : Dept. of Classics, Australian National University, 1975., 1975) McKay, Kenneth Leslie; Australian National University. Classics DepartmentThis course is prepared for use with Greek Gramma.P for Students by K.L. McKay. It is designed to introduce students to enough Greek accidence and syntax in a little more than one term (or about one semester) to enable them to consolidate their knowledge by reading Greek texts in the latter half of the year.Publication Open Access Political partisanship survey in the A.C.T., September-October 1974 : user's guide for the machine-readable data file / ... prepared by Social Science Data Archives.(Canberra : SSDA, Australian National University, 1984., 1984) Snider, Greg A.; Australian National University. Social Science Data ArchivesTopics covered in this survey include party preference; party identification of self and parents; subscription to political parties and method of payment; donations to parties or candidates; attendance at political rallies or meetings; attitude to result of Federal election; perceived difference between parties; likes and dislikes of the major parties; and, seven point semantic differentials for the 'ideal' party and for the major parties. Background variables include age, sex, marital status, education, type of schools attended, religion, frequency of church attendance, union membership, employment status, social class, length of current residence, income, and type of accommodation.Publication Open Access Options for an Australian defence technological strategy(Canberra : Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, 1982) Gower, Stephen NewmanThis study examines how Australia might develop a technological capacity appropriate to the future needs of her Defence Force.