Internal migration in Indonesia : outmigration from Java and Bali

Abstract

The thesis is a study of internal migration in Indonesia focussing on out-migration from Java and Bali to the Other Islands. The analysis is in three main parts: 1) The flow and volume of out-migration from, as well as inmigration into Java and Bali, based on the 1930, 1961 and 1971 Censuses. 2) The flow and volume of the government-sponsored migrants (colonists and transmigrants). 3) The characteristics of out-migrants in general based in 1971 Census; the characteristics of people in Java and Bali; and the characteristics of transmigrants (based on some case studies). The following conclusions were reached: First, an examination of the stream and volume of transmigrants and out-migrants shows that there is a relationship between those two groups of migrants. Second, from the demographic point of view out-migration has no significant effect in reducing the population pressure in Java-Bali, and third, the characteristics of out-migrants are slightly superior (particularly in education and occupation) to that of both transmigrants and people in Java-Bali. The findings indicate that the government-sponsored migration stimulates spontaneous and voluntary migrants. Therefore the policy of transmigration should be emphasized as a stimulator in attracting other people rather than as a direct means in redistributing population. Furthermore, policy should aim at tho success rather than the quantity of transmigrants. Show more