Tripartite quantum state sharing

Abstract

A multipartite protocol to securely distribute and reconstruct a quantum state was analyzed. A secret quantum state was distributed to three players. It was shown that by collaborating, any two of the three players can reconstruct the state, while individual players obtain nothing. This (2,3) threshold quantum state sharing scheme was characterized in terms of fidelity, signal transfer and reconstruction noise. It was found that fidelity averaged over all reconstruction permutations of 0.73±0.04, a level achievable only using quantum resources.