Migration and development in the South Pacific
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Canberra, ACT : Development Studies Centre, Research School of Pacfic Studies, The Australian National University.
Abstract
For the past quarter of a century migration has been the most important
demographic variable in large parts of the South Pacific region. Within the region
there is extensive rural-urban migration and beyond the region international
migration to the metropolitan states of USA, Australia and New Zealand. The
scale of this movement has changed perceptions of development, posed problems
for national development (and especially for agricultural development) and con
tributed to rapid social and economic change, as island states and islanders have
increasingly focused their social and economic aspirations outwards. Pressures
for migration continue to increase at the same time as the opportunities for
satisfying such pressures are declining, and as international migration becomes
an increasingly overt political issue.
This collection of recent papers examines the changing context and impact of
migration in eight different states in the region, reviewing such issues as the brain
or skill drain, remittances and investment, employment strategies of migrants,
the impact of migration on inequality and uneven development and the overall
relationship between migration and development. Migration is more closely
linked to social issues, including education and suicide, than in many earlier
discussions and there is also a strong emphasis on the historical evolution of
structures of migration. The various papers demonstrate the great variety in the
structure and impact of migration and recognize the tasks involved in incorporat
ing such diversity into appropriate policy formation.
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