Grundy, JohnBowen, KathrynAnnear, PeterBiggs, Beverley-Anne2015-12-101035-7823http://hdl.handle.net/1885/68304The Union of Myanmar and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) are the most disadvantaged aid recipients in Asia. In this paper we describe and analyse the inequities in international aid flows to these countries from a health equity and "responsibility to protect" perspective. Review of public health and health systems literature and examination of international aid flows reveals that countries with a comparable gross national income receive total aid flows 11 to 12 times larger than do Myanmar (Burma) and DPR Korea (North Korea). Although the issue of aid effectiveness in these governance contexts remains a significant challenge, there is nonetheless a joint national and international responsibility to protect women and children through the careful targeting of health humanitarian aid and development programs.Keywords: Maternal and child health; Myanmar; North Korea; Responsibility to protect201210.1080/10357823.2012.6854492016-02-24