Liu, ChangRanjan, RajivZhang, XuyunYang, ChiChen, JinjunKhan, Samee U.Zomaya, Albert Y.2024-07-092024-07-099781493920914https://hdl.handle.net/1885/733713829Big data is attracting more and more interests from numerous industries. Afewexamples are oil and gas mining, scientific research (biology, chemistry, physics), online social networks (Twitter, Facebook), multimedia data, and business transactions. With mountains of data collected from increasingly efficient data collecting devices as well as stored on fast-growing storage hardware, people are keen to find solutions to store and process the data more efficiently, and to discover more values from the mass at the same time. When referring to big data research problems, people often brings the 4 v’s—volume, velocity, variety, and value. These pose various brand-new challenges to computer scientists nowadays.application/pdfen-AU© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York201510.1007/978-1-4939-2092-1_212024-03-10