Morshed, MonirLi, ZiyuanOlbricht, Benjamin CFu, LanHaque, AhasanulLi, Li (Lily)Aoni, Rifat AhmmedRahmani, MohsenMiroshnichenko, AndreyHattori, Haroldo2020-03-162020-03-162045-2322http://hdl.handle.net/1885/202248Nano-antennas are replicas of antennas that operate at radio-frequencies, but with considerably smaller dimensions when compared with their radio frequency counterparts. Noble metals based nano-antennas have the ability to enhance photoinduced phenomena such as localized electric fields, therefore-they have been used in various applications ranging from optical sensing and imaging to performance improvement of solar cells. However, such nano-structures can be damaged in high power applications such as heat resisted magnetic recording, solar thermo-photovoltaics and nano-scale heat transfer systems. Having a small footprint, nano-antennas cannot handle high fluences (energy density per unit area) and are subject to being damaged at adequately high power (some antennas can handle just a few milliwatts). In addition, given that nano-antennas are passive devices driven by external light sources, the potential damage of the antennas limits their use with high power lasers: this liability can be overcome by employing materials with high melting points such as chromium (Cr) and tungsten (W). In this article, we fabricate chromium and tungsten nano-antennas and demonstrate that they can handle 110 and 300 times higher fluence than that of gold (Au) counterpart, while the electric field enhancement is not significantly reduced.Te authors gratefully acknowledge the fabrication facilities provided by Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF ACT node, Australia). We would acknowledge the fnancial support from UNSW Canberra, Australia. We also would like to thank Te Asian Ofce of Aerospace Research and Development (AOARD US Air Force FA2386-15-1-4084), Australian Research Council (ARC LP160100253, DP170103778 and DE190100413) to provide the funding.application/pdfen-AU© The Author(s) 2019http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/201910.1038/s41598-019-49517-y2019-11-25Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License