Beck, NadeenaHeinsohn, Robert2015-12-071442-9985http://hdl.handle.net/1885/19140White-winged choughs (Corcorax melanorhamphos, Corcoracidae) are a common, breeding resident in and around the city of Canberra in the Australian Capital Territory. We compared five measures of reproductive success between the urban and non-urban populations of choughs to investigate the effect of urbanization on this cooperatively breeding species. Urban choughs initiated breeding earlier than their non-urban counterparts and were more likely to suffer nest failures. However, there was no difference in the number of successful nests in a season or the number of fledglings produced per successful nesting attempt. A greater proportion of fledglings survived their first 12 months in the non-urban habitat. We suggest that increased rates of nest predation and fledgling mortality in the urban environment may have a negative effect on reproductive success and remove any advantage that might be gained through a longer breeding season. Possible effects of urbanization on the social and genetic structure of white-winged choughs are also discussed.Keywords: anthropogenic effect; breeding population; breeding site; community composition; comparative study; nesting success; passerine; reproductive success; urbanization; Australasia; Australia; Australian Capital Territory; Canberra; Corcorax melanorhamphos Corcorax melanorhamphos; Dispersal; Landscape modification; Social behaviour; White-winged chough200610.1111/j.1442-9993.2006.01589.x2015-12-07