Wu, ZhihuaChen, HongbingDong, YamingMao, HuilingSun, JielinChen, ShenfuCraig, VincentHu, Jun2015-12-100021-9797http://hdl.handle.net/1885/50950Here we demonstrate that nanobubbles can be used as cleaning agents both for the prevention of surface fouling and for defouling surfaces. In particular nanobubbles can be used to remove proteins that are already adsorbed to a surface, as well as for theKeywords: Adsorption; Atomic force microscopy; Body fluids; Carbon; Fouling; Graphite; Microscopic examination; Offshore oil well production; Phase interfaces; Proteins; Stainless steel; Steel corrosion; Surface cleaning; Atomic force microscope (AFM); Bovine serum Atomic force microscope (AFM); Bovine serum albumin (BSA); Defouling; Nanobubble; Nonfouling; Surface cleaning200810.1016/j.jcis.2008.08.0642015-12-09