Chhim, SreanKowal, PaulNg, NawiNaidoo, NirmalaSnodgrass, JoshDeLouize, AliciaKu, Grace MarieSopheab, HengKlipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin2026-05-062026-05-060033-3506WOS:001716584400001https://hdl.handle.net/1885/733808863Objectives This study aimed to estimate the national prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), construct a cascade of care for T2D (CoC), and determine the factors associated with prevalence, not previously diagnosed (undiagnosed), and not undergoing medication treatment (untreated). Study design This study analysed cross-sectional data from the 2023 World Health Survey Plus in Cambodia, a nationally representative cross-sectional study of 5271 individuals aged ≥18 years. Methods The survey used a GIS-based multistage sampling for all 24 Cambodian provinces and the capital city. T2D was measured by haemoglobin A1c or was self-reported. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between outcomes of interest and socio-demographic, behavioural, and metabolic factors. Results The weighted prevalence of T2D was 16.0% (95% CI: 14.2-17.9%), with 58.2% (95% CI: 51.9-64.3%) undiagnosed. Of diagnosed individuals, 32.9% (95% CI: 24.2-42.9%) were untreated with medication, and among treated individuals, 61.5% (95% CI: 47.4-74.5%) had poor glycaemic control. T2D prevalence was higher among older age, urban residency, high socioeconomic status, obesity, and hypertension. The prevalence of undiagnosed T2D was higher among younger individuals, less physically active, and those with no history of hypertension. Higher untreated prevalence was associated with rural residency, young individuals, and lower socioeconomic status. Conclusions The high prevalence of T2D, of previously undiagnosed and poorly managed T2D, emphasises the need for national policies that strengthen prevention, screening, and equitable access to care through primary healthcare and community-based services in Cambodia.This research is based on secondary analysis of the WHS Cambodia dataset. The work reported in this paper was supported by the Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsradet) Development Grant (grant number: 2018-05196) , China Medical Board, and University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht's Global Health PhD Support Program. The WHS Cambodia data collection was funded by the World Health Organization through HelpAge International (grant number: MYA123) . The World Health Organization did not fund, support, or influence the research, analysis, or interpretation presented in this paper.9en© 2026 The Authors.AwarenessCambodiaCascade of careDiabetesDiagnosisGlycaemic controlPrevalenceTreatmentWorld health survey plus202610.1016/j.puhe.2026.106226105032253089