Dobes, Leo2022-05-312022-05-310812-0439http://hdl.handle.net/1885/266456Specification of “standing” – whose benefits and costs should be counted – is a crucial step in a Cost–Benefit Analysis. If it is omitted, some relevant costs and benefits may be excluded, or, conversely, wrongly included. The textbook formulation for standing is “the whole of society” for a country, but the literature is virtually silent on the issue at a sub‐national or regional level. A strictly state or regional standing can be a problem within federated countries such as Australia or the USA due to conceptual inconsistencies and resulting inefficiencies. On balance, a national perspective is to be preferred, at least as a default option.application/pdfen-AU© 2019 The authorshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Cost–Benefit AnalysisstandingregionalfederationAustralia201910.1111/1759-3441.122412020-12-27Creative Commons