Gentry, Eric S.Madau, PieroKrumholz, Mark2022-03-252022-03-250035-8711http://hdl.handle.net/1885/262681Using a 1D Lagrangian code specifically designed to assess the impact of multiple, time-resolved supernovae (SNe) from a single-star cluster on the surrounding medium, we test three commonly used feedback recipes: delayed cooling (e.g. used in the GASOLINE-2 code), momentum-energy injection (a resolution-dependent transition between momentum-dominated feedback and energy-dominated feedback used, e.g. in the FIRE-2 code), and simultaneous energy injection (e.g. used in the EAGLE simulations). Our work provides an intermediary test for these recipes: we analyse a setting that is more complex than the simplified scenarios for which many were designed, but one more controlled than a full galactic simulation. In particular, we test how well these models reproduce the enhanced momentum efficiency seen for an 11 SN cluster simulated at high resolution (0.6 pc; a factor of 12 enhancement relative to the isolated SN case) when these subgrid recipes are implemented in low resolution (20 pc) runs. We find that: (1) the delayed cooling model performs well – resulting in 9 times the momentum efficiency of the fiducial isolated SN value – when SNe are clustered and 1051 erg are injected per SN, while clearly overpredicting the momentum efficiency in the single SN test case; (2) the momentum-energy model always achieves good results, with a factor of 5 boost in momentum efficiency; and (3) injecting the energy from all SNe simultaneously does little to prevent overcooling and greatly underproduces the momentum deposited by clustered SNe, resulting in a factor of 3 decrease in momentum efficiency on the average.We thank the anonymous reviewer for their useful comments and suggestions. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) through grants AST-1405962 (ESG and MRK), AST-1229745 (PM) andDGE 1339067 (ESG), by the Australian Research Council through grant FT180100375 (MRK) and by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through a contract to the WFIRST-EXPO Science Investigation Team (15-WFIRST15-0004), administered by the Goddard Space Flight Center (PM). This work made use of resources and services from the National Computational Infrastructure (NCI), which is supported by the Australian Government. MRK thanks the Simons Foundation, which contributed to this work through its support for the Simons Symposium ‘Galactic Superwinds: Beyond Phenomenology’.application/pdfen-AU© 2020hydrodynamicsmethods: numericalISM: bubblesISM: supernova remnants202010.1093/mnras/stz34402020-12-20