Turner, JenniferHughes, Ann MareeKricker, AnneMilliken, SamGrulich, Andrew EKaldor, John MArmstrong, Bruce K2015-12-070923-7534http://hdl.handle.net/1885/22301Background: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is pathologically diverse. Epidemiological investigations into its increasing incidence and aetiology require accurate subtype classification. Patients and methods: Available pathology reports of 717 cases aged from 20 to 74 years in an Australian, population-based epidemiological study of NHL were reviewed by one anatomical pathologist to assign a World Health Organization (WHO) classification category. High or low confidence was assigned to the diagnosis of NHL, cell phenotype and WHO category and reasons given for low confidence. Results: The most informative biopsy reports were from open tissue biopsy (79% of cases), tissue core biopsy (8%), cytology (4%) and bone marrow (9%); 8% of cases had inadequate biopsies for diagnostic purposes. Immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry reports were available for 96% of cases, gene rearrangement studies for 6% and cytogenetics for 3%. The reviewer assigned high confidence to the diagnosis of NHL in 93% of cases and also the phenotype in 88%. While a WHO classification could be assigned in 91% of cases, confidence was high in only 57.5%; insufficient immunophenotyping as the commonest reason for low confidence. Conclusions: Expert pathology review of a population-based sample of NHL can provide a WHO classification category for most cases. A high level of confidence in the classification, however, would require review of diagnostic material and additional phenotyping.Keywords: acute lymphocytic leukemia; adult; aged; Australia; B cell lymphoma; bone marrow examination; cancer classification; cancer incidence; controlled study; cytogenetics; cytology; flow cytometry; genetic analysis; histopathology; Hodgkin disease; human; huma Epidemiology; NHL subtypes; Pathology report review; WHO NHL classification200410.1093/annonc/mdh1402015-12-07