Anderson, KymYao, Shunli2016-07-182016-07-181361-374Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/106404China’s rapid industrialization and recent accession to the WTO makes it difficult for the country to maintain self-sufficiency in agricultural products. Genetic modification technology could ease the situation, but is not without controversy. This paper focuses on the implication of GMO controversy for China. It explores the potential economic effects of China’s not adopting versus adopting GMOs when some of its trading partners adopt that technology. The effects are shown to depend to a considerable extent on the trade policy stance taken in high-income countries that are opposed to GMOs, and/or on the liberalization of China’s trade in textiles and apparel.Financial assistance from the Australian Research Council, Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 70024001) is gratefully acknowledged.13 pagesapplication/pdfen-AU© 2003 Blackwell Publishers Ltd (a Blackwell Publishing Company).ChinaindustrializationWTOagriculturalproductsgenetic modification technologyGMOtradepolicy2003-0610.1111/j.1468-0106.2002.00217.x