King, StevenVardon, MichaelGrantham, Headley S.Eigenraam, MarkFerrier, SimonJuhn, DanielLarsen, TrondBrown, ClaireTurner, R. Kerry2022-06-212022-06-211462-9011http://hdl.handle.net/1885/267411Biodiversity underpins the supply of ecosystem services essential for well-being and economic development, yet biodiversity loss continues at a substantial rate. Linking biodiversity indicators with national economic accounts provides a means of mainstreaming biodiversity into economic planning and monitoring processes. Here we examine the various strategies for biodiversity indicators to be linked into national economic accounts, specifically the System of Environmental-Economic Accounts Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA) framework. We present what has been achieved in practice, using various case studies from across the world. These case studies demonstrate the potential of economic accounting as an integrating, mainstreaming framework that explicitly considers biodiversity. With the right indicators for the different components of biodiversity and scales of biological organisation, this can directly support more holistic economic planning approaches. This will be a significant step forward from relying on the traditional indicators of national economic accounts to guide national planning. It is also essential if society's objectives for biodiversity and sustainable development are to be met.The preparation of this paper was supported by the EU MAIA project (Project Number H2020-SC5-2018-1. Grant Number 817527). We also acknowledge funding from the UK Research and Innovation’s Global Challenges Research Fund (UKRI GCRF) through the Development Corridors Partnership project (project number: ES/P011500/1). UNEPWCMC would like to thank the Government of Norway for funding a 2016 Species Accounting workshop and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA) for funding the Uganda case study. Michael Vardon’s research is co-funded by the Australian Government’s National Environmental Science Program through the Threatened Species Recovery Hub and Sustainable Farms, an initiative of the Australian National University.application/pdfen-AU© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/System of environmental economic accountingSEEA-EEABiodiversityEcosystem servicesSustainable development202110.1016/j.envsci.2020.10.0202021-03-07CC BY license