Estimating vaccine effects from studies of outbreaks in household pairs

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dc.contributor.authorBecker, Niels
dc.contributor.authorBritton, Tom
dc.contributor.authorO'Neill, Philip D
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-07T22:21:37Z
dc.date.issued2006
dc.date.updated2015-12-07T08:59:45Z
dc.description.abstractThe traditional way to measure efficacy of a vaccine, with respect to reduced susceptibility and reduced infectivity once infected, is to look at relative attack rates. Although straightforward to apply, such measures do not take disease transmission into account, with the consequence that they can depend strongly on the community setting, the duration of the study period, the way participants are recruited into the study and the virulence of the infection. Sometimes they give a very misleading assessment of the vaccine, as we illustrate by examples. Here measures of vaccine efficacy are considered that avoid these defects, and estimation procedures are presented for studies based on outbreaks in household pairs. Such studies enable estimation of vaccine effects on susceptibility, infectivity and transmission. We propose that the vaccine efficacy measures be estimated, without making any assumptions about the nature of the vaccine response, by consistent estimates of bounds for the measures.
dc.identifier.issn0277-6715
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1885/20128
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons Inc
dc.sourceStatistics in Medicine
dc.subjectKeywords: vaccine; article; Bayes theorem; disease transmission; drug efficacy; drug response; epidemic; household; human; infection; infection sensitivity; mathematical computing; maximum likelihood method; Monte Carlo method; patient selection; probability; vacci Household pairs study; Infectivity; Relative attack rates; Susceptibility; Vaccine efficacy
dc.titleEstimating vaccine effects from studies of outbreaks in household pairs
dc.typeJournal article
local.bibliographicCitation.issue6
local.bibliographicCitation.lastpage1093
local.bibliographicCitation.startpage1079
local.contributor.affiliationBecker, Niels, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, ANU
local.contributor.affiliationBritton, Tom, Stockholm University
local.contributor.affiliationO'Neill, Philip D, University of Nottingham
local.contributor.authoremailu9707783@anu.edu.au
local.contributor.authoruidBecker, Niels, u9707783
local.description.embargo2037-12-31
local.description.notesImported from ARIES
local.identifier.absfor111706 - Epidemiology
local.identifier.ariespublicationu4054856xPUB11
local.identifier.citationvolume25
local.identifier.doi10.1002/sim.2236
local.identifier.scopusID2-s2.0-33644775505
local.identifier.uidSubmittedByu4054856
local.type.statusPublished Version

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