Separable and entangled states in the high-spin XX central spin model

Abstract

It is shown in a recent preprint (arXiv:2001.10008) that the central spin model with X X-type qubit-bath coupling is integrable for a central spin s0 = 1/2. Two types of eigenstates, separable states (dark states) and entangled states (bright states) between the central spin and the bath spins, are manifested. In this work we show by using an operator product state approach that the X X central spin model with central spin s0 > 1/2 and inhomogeneous coupling is partially solvable. That is, a subset of the eigenstates are obtained by the operator product state ansatz. These are the separable states and those entangled states in the single-spin-excitation subspace with respect to the fully polarized reference state. Due to the high degeneracy of the separable states, the resulting Bethe ansatz equations are found to be nonunique. In the case of s0 = 1/2 we show that all the separable and entangled states can be written in terms of the operator product states, recovering the results in arXiv:2001.10008. Moreover, we also apply our method to the case of homogeneous coupling and derive the corresponding Bethe ansatz equations.