Huygens' Metadevices for Parametric Waves

Date

2018

Authors

Liu, Mingkai
Powell, David Anthony
Zarate, Yair
Shadrivov, Ilya

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

American Physical Society

Abstract

Huygens’ metasurfaces demonstrate almost arbitrary control over the shape of a scattered beam; however, its spatial profile is typically fixed at the fabrication time. The dynamic reconfiguration of this beam profile with tunable elements remains challenging, due to the need to maintain the Huygens’ condition across the tuning range. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate that a time-varying metadevice which performs frequency conversion can steer transmitted or reflected beams in an almost arbitrary manner, with fully dynamic control. Our time-varying Huygens’ metadevice is made of both electric and magnetic meta-atoms with independently controlled modulation, and the phase of this modulation is imprinted on the scattered parametric waves, controlling their shapes and directions. We develop a theory which shows how the scattering directionality, phase, and conversion efficiency of sidebands can be manipulated almost arbitrarily. We demonstrate novel effects including all-angle beam steering and frequency-multiplexed functionalities at microwave frequencies around 4 GHz, using varactor diodes as tunable elements. We believe that the concept can be extended to other frequency bands, enabling metasurfaces with an arbitrary phase pattern that can be dynamically tuned over the complete 2π range.

Description

Keywords

Metamaterials

Citation

Source

Physical Review X

Type

Journal article

Book Title

Entity type

Access Statement

Open Access

License Rights

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license

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