Nano-osteoimmunology as an important consideration in the design of future implants
Date
2011
Authors
Pal, Neha
Quah, Ben
Smith, Paul
Gladkis, Laura
Timmers, Heiko
Li, Rachel
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Publisher
Elsevier
Abstract
The size of wear particles emanating from a prosthesis at interfaces is critical to the interfacial properties of the joint replacement and responses from the biological environment. Nanoscale particles in particular require investigation. This project aimed to evaluate the osteoimmunological response to nanoscale ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear particles in vitro, including dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, osteoclasts (OCs), cytokine secretion, and co-cultured OCs and osteoblasts (OBs). The wear particles generated from a constant-load knee prosthesis actuator were profiled using atomic force microscopy and fractionated into sizes of 0.05-0.2, 0.2-0.8, 0.8-1, 1-5 and 5-10 μm. The fractions were exposed to DCs isolated from mice spleen, human OCs, and co-cultured human OBs and OCs, and the effects of the particles on the cells were determined. Results revealed that exposure to nanoscale UHMWPE wear particles induced significant DC activation (p < 0.05) and consequently increased cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β secretion (p < 0.05). Exposure to nanoscale particles promoted OC maturation, resulting in the suppression of OB proliferation in OB and OC co-cultures. Therefore, the results of this study could contribute to a more mechanistic understanding of wear-debris-associated prosthesis failure. Furthermore, nanoscale UHMWPE wear particles should be considered as mediators of periprosthetic inflammation in the future development of biomaterials for joint replacement bearing surfaces.
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Keywords
Keywords: gamma interferon; interleukin 12; interleukin 1beta; interleukin 23; interleukin 6; nano osteoimmunology; nanomaterial; nanoparticle; polyethylene; tumor necrosis factor alpha; unclassified drug; animal tissue; article; atomic force microscopy; cell activ Dendritic cells; Nano-osteoimmunology; Nanoscale wear particles; Total joint replacement; UHMWPE
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Source
Acta Biomaterialia
Type
Journal article
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2037-12-31
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