Coping Styles in Psychological Health in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Comparison of a Moderator and Main Effects Models

Abstract

A cross-sectional study of 392 late adolescents and young adults (mean age 18.2 years) was undertaken to examine the relationship between coping styles and psychological health. Coping styles were assessed through the Coping Styles Questionnaire (Roger, Jarvis, & Najarian, 1993). Using separate regression models of psychological distress and psychological wellbeing, the direct effects and moderator models of coping were tested with regard to approach and avoidant coping. It was hypothesised that approach coping would have buffer effects on distress and wellbeing and that avoidant coping would have direct effects on distress and wellbeing. Results indicated that there were no buffer effects for either approach or avoidant coping, but there were direct effects for both. The use of approach coping was associated with increased wellbeing, while avoidant coping was related to increased distress levels. Implications for effective primary intervention techniques for adolescent wellbeing and distress are discussed.