Serotonin Syndrome

Abstract

Serotonin syndrome is a toxic state caused mainly by excess serotonin within the central nervous system. It results in a variety of mental, autonomic and neuromuscular changes, which can range in severity from mild to life-threatening. Most cases are self-limiting. Severe serotonin syndrome is nearly always caused by a drug interaction involving two or more 'serotonergic' drugs, at least one of which is usually a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Management involves withdrawal of the offending drugs, aggressive supportive care and occasionally serotonin antagonists such as cyproheptadine. Treatment of the condition for which the serotonergic drugs were prescribed should be reviewed.