A multi-domain gem-grade Brazilian apatite
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Baikie, Tom; Schreyer, Martin K; Wong, Chui Ling; Pramana, Stevin S; Klooster, Wim T; Ferraris, Christiano; McIntyre, Garry J; White, Timothy
Description
A gem-grade apatite from Brazil of general composition (Ca, Na)10[(P, Si, S)O4]6(F, Cl, OH)2 has been studied using single-crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction together with synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Earlier electron microscopy studies had shown the nominally single-phase apatite contains an abundant fluorapatite (F-Ap) host, together with chloro-hydroxylapatites (Cl/OH-Ap) guest phases that encapsulate hydroxylellestadite (OH-El) nanocrystals. While the latter features appear as...[Show more]
dc.contributor.author | Baikie, Tom | |
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dc.contributor.author | Schreyer, Martin K | |
dc.contributor.author | Wong, Chui Ling | |
dc.contributor.author | Pramana, Stevin S | |
dc.contributor.author | Klooster, Wim T | |
dc.contributor.author | Ferraris, Christiano | |
dc.contributor.author | McIntyre, Garry J | |
dc.contributor.author | White, Timothy | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2015-12-10T23:36:50Z | |
dc.identifier.issn | 0003-004X | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1885/70301 | |
dc.description.abstract | A gem-grade apatite from Brazil of general composition (Ca, Na)10[(P, Si, S)O4]6(F, Cl, OH)2 has been studied using single-crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction together with synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Earlier electron microscopy studies had shown the nominally single-phase apatite contains an abundant fluorapatite (F-Ap) host, together with chloro-hydroxylapatites (Cl/OH-Ap) guest phases that encapsulate hydroxylellestadite (OH-El) nanocrystals. While the latter features appear as small (200-400 nm) chemically distinct regions by transmission electron microscopy, and can be identified as separate phases by synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, these could not be detected by singlecrystal X-ray and neutron analysis. The observations using neutron, X-ray and electron probes are however consistent and complementary. After refinement in the space group P63/m the tunnel anions F-are fixed at z = 1/4 along <001>, while the anions Cl- and OH- are disordered, with the suggestion that O-H···O-H··· hydrogen-bonded chains form in localized regions, such that no net poling results. The major cations are located in the 4f AFO6 metaprism (Ca+Na), 6h ATO6X tunnel site (Ca only), and 6h BO4 tetrahedron (P+Si+S). The structural intricacy of this gem stone provides further evidence that apatite microstructures display a nano-phase separation that is generally unrecognized, with the implication that such complexity may impact upon the functionality of technological analogues. | |
dc.publisher | Mineralogical Society of America | |
dc.source | American Mineralogist | |
dc.subject | Keywords: apatite; chemical composition; encapsulation; microstructure; transmission electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction Apatite; Laue neutron diffraction; Synchrotron x-ray diffraction; X-ray diffraction | |
dc.title | A multi-domain gem-grade Brazilian apatite | |
dc.type | Journal article | |
local.description.notes | Imported from ARIES | |
local.identifier.citationvolume | 97 | |
dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
local.identifier.absfor | 100304 - Industrial Biotechnology Diagnostics (incl. Biosensors) | |
local.identifier.ariespublication | f5625xPUB2283 | |
local.type.status | Published Version | |
local.contributor.affiliation | Baikie, Tom, Nanyang Technological University | |
local.contributor.affiliation | Schreyer, Martin K, Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences | |
local.contributor.affiliation | Wong, Chui Ling, Nanyang Technological University | |
local.contributor.affiliation | Pramana, Stevin S, Nanyang Technological University | |
local.contributor.affiliation | Klooster, Wim T, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation | |
local.contributor.affiliation | Ferraris, Christiano, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle | |
local.contributor.affiliation | McIntyre, Garry J, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation | |
local.contributor.affiliation | White, Timothy, College of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, ANU | |
local.description.embargo | 2037-12-31 | |
local.bibliographicCitation.issue | 10 | |
local.bibliographicCitation.startpage | 1574 | |
local.bibliographicCitation.lastpage | 1581 | |
local.identifier.doi | 10.2138/am.2012.4069 | |
dc.date.updated | 2016-02-24T08:56:25Z | |
local.identifier.scopusID | 2-s2.0-84867356152 | |
local.identifier.thomsonID | 000309645500004 | |
Collections | ANU Research Publications |
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