Independent Switching of Cubic Nonlinear Optical Properties in a Ruthenium Alkynyl Cruciform Complex by Employing Protic and Electrochemical Stimuli

Abstract

The quadrupolar ruthenium alkynyl cruciform complex is reversibly converted to tetravinylidene complex or tetraruthenium(III) tetracationic complex forms by protonation or oxidation, respectively; linear and nonlinear proto- and electrochromism studies reveal independent switching of NLO properties by the protic and electrochemical stimuli, respectively, aspects of which have been rationalized by theoretical studies.