A Survey of the Functions of Similes in Homer’s Odyssey

Abstract

Occurring in various forms and lengths in Homer's Odyssey, similes have been viewed as superfluous, mostly decorative, devices that have only a limited connection to the surrounding narrative. Consequently, attention to any other functions of similes has been limited. In my thesis I draw on a list of functions adapted from metaphor theory in order to investigate the similes of the Odyssey. My aim is to determine what types of functions each simile performs. My examination reveals that no two similes necessarily perform the same functions; rather, similes in the Odyssey perform a range of functions in the narrative. Similes may assist in explaining events, and they may fill lexical gaps in the story. Some shorter similes spotlight particular moments. Similes may emphasise parallels and contrasts in the narrative. Through carefully chosen comparands similes also assist in maintaining the audience's engagement with the story. Their function is rarely limited to that of decoration.