GMTIFS: Deformable mirror environmental testing for the on-instrument wavefront sensor

Abstract

GMTIFS requires a deformable mirror (DM) as part of its on-instrument wavefront sensor (OIWFS). The DM facilitates wavefront correction for the off-axis natural guide star, with the objective being to maximize the energy in the diffraction core and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the guide star position measurement. It is essential that the OIWFS be positionally stable with respect to the science field. The use of J–K to observe the guide star, and thus the need to limit thermal background, essentially requires the DM in the OIWFS to be operated at or below −40°C. This is below the standard operating temperature range of currently available DMs. In cooperation with the manufacturers we are testing the performance of three DMs at temperatures from ambient to −45°C, or cooler. In the context of the OIWFS adequate stroke, open-loop positioning stability, hysteresis, interactuator surface figure and dynamic response are key performance criteria. A test system based around high spatial sampling of the DM aperture with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor has been built. The opto-mechanical design permits a DM to be contained in a cryostat so that it may be cooled in isolation. We describe this test system and the test cases that are applied to the ALPAO DM-69, Boston MicroMachines 492DM and the IrisAO PTT111 deformable mirrors. Preliminary results at ambient temperatures are presented.