Spatial mode discrimination using second harmonic generation

Abstract

Second harmonic generation (SHG) can be used as a technique for controlling the spatial mode structure of optical beams. We demonstrate experimentally the generation of higher-order spatial modes, and the possibility to use nonlinear phase matching as a predictable and robust technique for the conversion of transverse electric modes of the second harmonic output. The details of this effect are well described by our wave propagation models, which include mode dependent phase shifts. This is, to our knowledge, the first detailed study of spatial mode conversion in SHG. We discuss potential applications of this effect.