ANU Research
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The Australian National University's Open Research repository is an online location for collecting, preserving and disseminating the scholarly output of the University and sharing this research with the wider community.
Open Research accepts journal articles, conference papers and posters, book chapters, working or technical papers, creative works and a wide variety of other forms of scholarly communication. If the type of research you have published is not listed on the Open Research Type page, please contact repository.admin@anu.edu.au.
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Browsing ANU Research by Type "Commentary"
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Item Open Access Australia doesn't have a population policy - why?(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group) Allen, LizPopulation growth has profound impacts on Australian life, and sorting myths from facts can be difficult. This is the first article in our series, Is Australia Full?, which aims to help inform a wide-ranging and often emotive debate.Item Open Access Australians rate the most significant events in their lifetimes and show the 'fair go' is still most-valued(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group) Bongiornio, Frank; Pennay, DarrenEvery little while, we have a panic about history. We're having one right now, over Australia Day. A few months back, inspired by an American panic, we had one over statues.Item Open Access Census 2016 puts on display the increasing diversity in Australians' relationships(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2017) Evans, Ann; Gray, EdithThe types of romantic relationships Australians have, as well as the way they are recognised and measured, have changed dramatically in the last 30 years. Much of the change in partnering has been in response to changing legal and social norms. Childbearing has been decoupled from intimate relationships by the widespread availability and use of contraception and the availability of abortion. Divorce is easier to access; women play a much greater role outside the home. These and other forces have led to delays in marriage, increasing co-habitation (couples living together), and a larger proportion of the population who re-partner or have more than one relationship throughout their adult life.Item Open Access Census 2016: what's changed for Indigenous Australians?(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2017) Markham, Francis; Biddle, NicholasAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have a complicated history with the Australian census. Until the 1967 referendum, the question about Indigenous status was used mainly to exclude the Indigenous population from official population statistics, as required by the Constitution at that time. Since the 1971 Census, however, the question has been used to understand Indigenous demographic and socioeconomic outcomes. This includes observing how Indigenous peoples’ situations are changing through time, and comparing them to the non-Indigenous population. Indigenous population estimates matter for policymaking. For example, the Commonwealth Grants Commission uses estimates of the Indigenous population to advise on GST revenue allocation to the states and territories. And many Closing the Gap targets are monitored in full or in part using census data. At the same time, many Indigenous communities and organisations argue that the way data are collected and distributed takes power out of their hands, and puts them at a disadvantage. So, what did we learn from the most recent release of 2016 Census data?Item Open Access Charter will protect vulnerable innocents, not aid criminals(Fairfax) Henley, Peter; Curran, ElizabethItem Open Access A Climate Diplomacy Proposal : Carbon Pricing ConsultationsMorris, Adele; Wilcoxen, Peter; McKibbin, WarwickClimate talks in December 2012 in Doha, Qatar, wrapped up lines of negotiation that were begun years before in Bali. Negotiators resolved contentious questions about the future of the Kyoto Protocol and finally put the constraints of the Bali agenda behind them. Now they will turn to developing by 2015 a new agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to cover the post-2020 period. At the same time, the Major Economics Forum (MEF) needs a new thrust of engagement, having developed the Clean Energy Ministerial into an enduring venue for technology discussions.1 This momentary opening for new agenda items offers an excellent opportunity to expand the dialogue to include technical aspects of the one policy approach that would actually address the climate problem cost effectively: pricing carbon and other greenhouse gases (GHGs).Item Open Access Colorado River: Demonstration of the importance of institutional design(Global Water Forum) Connell, Danielnstitutional design is a subject that receives insufficient attention in discussions about water management. There is a lot of interest in the aims of policies but relatively little in how they should be delivered. What is a well-designed river management system? That is a complex question but we can be confident that it must be include structures and processes that can effectively take account of the particular hydrological characteristics of the river basin to be managed. In the case of a river basin a common requirement is for an institutional framework that can respond to climatic variability without experiencing a political crisis. The Colorado Basin provides an excellent case study that illustrates the benefits of good institutional design. For water management purposes the Colorado is divided into the upper and lower basins. The upper basin has a system that can handle climate variation without crisis. The management system in the lower basin, by contrast, cannot. Within the same basin there are two contrasting systems.Item Embargo Commentary: C.S. Holling, Resilience and Stability of Ecological Systems (1973)(Yale University Press, 2013) Robin, Libby; Sorlin, S.; Robin, L.; Warde, P.Item Embargo Commentary: Michael E. Soule, "What Is Conservation Biology" (1985)(Yale University Press) Robin, Libby; Robin, L.; Sorlin, S.; Warde, P.Item Open Access Could there be a link between genocide and suicide?(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2017) Tatz, ColinGenocide and suicide are connected in some contexts. Sometimes the connection is direct; occasionally it is indirect. This relationship hardly figures in suicide studies. Only a handful of case studies are to hand – and they tell us little. We can start with Namibia (1904 to 1906), then the Armenian genocide (1915 to 1923), move to the Holocaust (1933 to 1945), and then to Rwanda and Bosnia in the 1990s. We know very little about suicide and suicide attempts during modern genocides. But we do know there is an aftermath of suicide among victims.Item Open Access Domestic violence and Australian churches: why the current data have limitations(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2017) Priest,Naomi; Truong, Mandy; Biddle, NicholasAn ABC report that Australian churches are not only “failing to sufficiently address domestic violence, it is both enabling and concealing it” has generated an outpouring of responses. Many church and Christian leaders, as well as abuse survivors and their advocates, have praised the highlighting that Christians are not immune from domestic violence, churches are often ill-equipped to respond, and they have done so in ways that perpetuate – rather than relieve – harm. But others have condemned the report as “selective”, “inaccurate”, and part of a broader “war on Christianity”. So what do the data and evidence actually say?Item Open Access Don't worry, the chance of dying from potting mix is very slim(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2018) Collignon, Peter JGardening is generally a healthy and pleasurable hobby or occupation. However, any activity carries some risk � and gardening is no exception. Potting mix is known to carry harmful bacteria and fungi. And there have been reports of deaths from diseases, such as the Legionnaires disease (a lung infection), that have been attributed to bacteria in potting mix. Many bacteria and fungi that can cause infections in people live in soil and water. So it's not surprising that potting mix can also have in it bacteria and fungi that may on occasion cause harm to people, and in rare cases even kill them. But it's important to note that, overall, the risk is very low.Item Open Access Explainer: power station 'trips' are normal, but blackouts are not(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2018) Saddler, HughTens of thousands of Victorians were left without power over the long weekend as the distribution network struggled with blistering temperatures, reigniting fears about the stability of our energy system. It comes on the heels of a summer of 'trips', when power stations temporarily shut down for a variety of reasons. This variability has also been used to attack renewable energy such as wind and solar, which naturally fluctuate depending on weather conditions. The reality is that blackouts, trips and intermittency are three very different issues, which should not be conflated. As most of Australia returns to school and work in February, and summer temperatures continue to rise, the risk of further blackouts make it essential to understand the cause of the blackouts, what a power station 'trip' really is, and how intermittent renewable energy can be integrated into a national system.Item Open Access FactCheck Q&A: the facts on birth rates for Muslim couples and non-Muslim couples in Australia(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2017) Allen, LizLet’s look at what the data show about birth rates for Muslim couples and other couples in Australia.Item Open Access From rocket launches to a crashing space station, we're in for a huge year in space(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2018) Tucker, Brad EA Blood Moon, a trip to the Moon and back for two explorers, a space station crashing to Earth and the launch of a new mission to find planets around other stars: these are just some of the exciting things to watch in space in 2018. Elon Musk's Space X also plans to launch one of the new Falcon Heavy rockets, the largest since the manned Moon landings.Item Open Access The G20's economic leadership deficit(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2017) Triggs, AdamFew have heard of the Baltic Dry Index. It measures the demand for bulk shipping carriers, used for international trade. It usually attracts little attention. But nine years ago this index had the undivided attention of the 20 most powerful leaders in the world. It was when the global financial system was on a precipice. Stock markets were crashing. Credit markets were freezing. Rolling failures across financial institutions were shattering confidence. Unable to wait for monthly trade data, the Baltic Dry Index showed in real-time what many leaders feared: global trade and commerce were grinding to a halt. Leaders faced the real prospect of another Great Depression. But they were determined not to make the mistakes of the past. They resisted a return to protectionism. They slashed interest rates and buttressed the International Monetary Fund and development banks. Over the next three years, they implemented US$5 trillion of co-ordinated fiscal stimulus, the largest in history. That leadership is needed again today. The risks leaders face at the latest G20 meeting in Hamburg, Germany, might not be as serious as those the leaders who met in Washington faced back in 2008. But the risks are present, and leaders are disengaging with the G20’s ever-expanding agenda. They are more likely to use the G20 for cheap political point scoring than for advancing co-operation on critical global challenges. Australia can play a role in helping the G20 to deliver this leadership.Item Open Access How common are superbugs in Australia, and what do we do when the antibiotics don't work?(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2017) Bowden, FrancisHospitals in Australia are increasingly seeing patients with infections that are resistant to all but a handful of antibiotics. Last year an infection caused by bacteria that were resistant to all antibiotics (a so-called “pan-resistant” strain) was detected in the US for the first time. We can expect pan-resistant strains here too.Item Open Access How should we compare?(Global Water Forum) Connell, DanielThe support of water management researchers and practitioners globally for integrated water resource management has been rhetorically dominant for two or three decades but there are very few successful examples of implementation. This discrepancy is highlighted by the lack of obvious alternatives. No one seems to be arguing for another approach. It is hard to even frame alternatives let alone agree with them. But success in making the transition to better management remains elusive. Surely it is time to ask critical questions about the discrepancy between reality and practice?Item Open Access Indigenous education report misses the big picture(Parkville, Vic. : The Conversation Media Group, 2012) Fogarty, WilliamItem Metadata only International Water Politics(Global Water Forum) Connell, DanielWater security has become a central feature of the global policy agenda. Climate change, population growth, and pollution are altering the distribution of water resources and the political control of these resources is becoming increasingly contested. These and other water security threats are a source of conflict not only within countries but across international boundaries. International water politics describes the interactions between governments, non-government organisations, researchers, and other actors that determines how and whether water management issues are addressed.
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