ANU Emeritus Faculty
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Item Open Access Adrian Gibbs - Professor, virologist and evolutionary biologist(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Gibbs, Adrian; Stewart, PeterThis interview, with Professor Adrian Gibbs, is part of the Emeritus Faculty's Oral History Program, involving retired staff members of ANU who were part of the university in the early decades of its life. The program was initiated and developed by ANU Emeritus Faculty as a contribution to university and community understanding of the beginnings and evolution of ANU over the past sixty years. Emeritus Faculty has a special interest in this era, since the Faculty's membership includes many of the people who helped shape ANU in its early days, to make it the pre-eminent university it is today. Born in London in 1934, Adrian Gibbs is a graduate of the Imperial College of Science and Technology, University of London and also has a PhD from that university. Adrian first came to ANU in 1966, on a three-year research fellowship in the John Curtin School of Medical Research. After returning to England for 18 months, he was appointed as Senior Fellow then Professor in the Research School of Biological Sciences at ANU. From 1997-2005 he was a Visiting Fellow in RSBS and JCSMR, and in the Division of Botany and Zoology in The Faculties. He now continues his research and writing from home and the Emeritus Faculty. Adrian was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science in 1993. He has been a member of editorial boards of international journals, committees overseeing databases for virus identification and taxonomy, and advisory boards for plant quarantine and protection. Adrian has published extensively in virus systematics and evolution, extending through nine books and over 200 shorter publications, some online. The application of fundamental knowledge to understanding the origins and evolution of viruses and the diseases they cause, particularly those of plants, has been the basis of his work, but his most long lasting contribution will be that, for that work, he started the development of virus databases, notably Descriptions of Plant Viruses and the VIDEdB (Virus Identification Data Exchange database), which became the ICTVdB (the database of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses).Item Open Access Angela Giblin - musician and teacher(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Giblin, Angela; Stewart, PeterAngela Ann Giblin was born in Sydney in 1948, to parents Barbara and Hugh (solicitor). Her brother David, born 18 months later, would go on to become a businessman. Angela began her schooling at Loquat Valley School, Bayview, near Pittwater, Sydney, then moved to Ascham School. Kenneth Robins was her music master at Ascham, and his choir, and score-reading classes, were inspirational for Angela. At age 14, Angela’s family moved to Bowral, where nearby at Mittagong Angela studied at Frensham School. There she studied piano with Ian Cooper, and clarinet with Ann Thompson; she also studied with Norma (Bobbie) Williams, teacher and accompanist. Angela was introduced by them to what would later become her instrument – her singing voice. She remained in touch with these mentors and teachers over many years. In 1971 Angela completed a Bachelor of Arts (Honours) degree at Sydney University, and in 1972 she was introduced to performance, as Messagera in Monteverdi's L'Orfeo, in a production by the Sydney University Musical Society, conducted by Peter Seymour. Receiving warm praise from Roger Covell, the doyen of Sydney music critics, a career in music became a firm possibility. In 1973 Angela enrolled for a Diploma of Opera at the NSW Conservatorium of Music, and in 1974 auditioned for and was invited to join the Opera Studio of the Australian Opera, as the company's first Trainee Principal. Putting her diploma studies on hold, Angela was soon promoted to Principal, singing a number of solo roles with the company, and working with conductors and directors such as Richard Bonynge, Edward Downes, John Cox, and John Copley. She also performed with the Sydney Symphony Orchestra, under the baton of Willem van Otterloo.Item Open Access Item Open Access Barry Ninham - Emeritus Professor, mathematician and chemist(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Ninham, Barry; Stewart, PeterThis audio interview, with Emeritus Professor Barry Ninham, is part of the Emeritus Faculty's Oral History Program, involving retired staff members of ANU who were part of the university in its earlier life. The Oral History Program was initiated and developed by ANU Emeritus Faculty as a contribution to university and community understanding of the beginnings and development of ANU over the past six decades. Emeritus Faculty has a special interest in this era, since the Faculty's membership includes many of the people who helped shape ANU in its early days, to make it the pre-eminent university it is today. Barry Ninham is emeritus professor in the Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering at ANU. Born in Adelaide in 1936, he is a graduate of the University of Western Australia and has a PhD from the University of Maryland in the USA. Following his postgraduate studies (in mathematical physics) Barry returned to Australia in 1962 to an appointment in the University of New South Wales. From there, in 1970, he was appointed to the foundation Chair in Applied Mathematics in RSPhysS in ANU. Barry has been a Visiting Professor at many universities in Europe, the USA, and Japan, and has won awards from academies and institutes in these countries. He is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science and was a foundation member of the UNESCO Commission on Ethics of Scientific Knowledge and Technology. ANU has recently honoured him by naming the chair which he previously held the Barry Ninham Chair of Natural Philosophy. Barry has published extensively in various areas of physics and physical chemistry, especially colloid and surface chemistry, and biophysics. He and his department pioneered modern theories, and measurement, of molecular forces, and how these forces conspire with the size and shape of molecules to generate self-assembled aggregates that are so important in biology. He is currently writing books on the paradigm shift occurring in physical chemistry; and on the connections between quantum mechanics, number theory, and perception.Item Open Access Beryl Rawson - Emerita Professor, classicist and historian(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Rawson, Beryl; Stewart, PeterThis interview, with Emerita Professor Beryl Rawson, is part of the Emeritus Faculty's Oral History Program, involving retired staff members of the A-N-U- who were part of the university in the early decades of its life. The program was initiated and developed by ANU Emeritus Faculty as a contribution to university and community understanding of the beginnings and development of ANU over the past sixty years. Emeritus Faculty has a special interest in this era, since the Faculty's membership includes or included many of the people who helped shape ANU in its early days, to make it the pre-eminent university it is today. Born in Innisfail in Queensland in 1933, Beryl Rawson is a graduate of the University of Queensland and has a PhD from Bryn Mawr College, in the USA. Beryl first came to ANU in 1964, as a senior lecturer in classics in the Faculty of Arts. She was elected Dean of Arts in 1981, and appointed Professor of Classics in 1989. Since retiring as professor in 1998 she has been a Visiting Fellow, then Adjunct Professor, in the Faculty of Arts, from where she continues her research and writing, and engaging actively with university life. In the past, Beryl has been an appointed member of the Australian Research Council, and President of the Australian Historical Association and the Australian Society for Classical Studies. Beryl has written a number of multi-edition books on the general topic of family life in ancient Rome. She has organised three international meetings on this aspect of classical studies over the past 20 years, and has actively promoted and supported the teaching of classics, history, and languages in Australian secondary schools.Item Open Access Bob Douglas - Emeritus Professor, epidemiologist and environmentalist(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Douglas, Bob; Stewart, PeterThis audio interview, with Professor Bob Douglas, is part of the ANU Emeritus Faculty's Oral History Program, involving retired staff members who were part of the ANU in its earlier years. The Program was initiated and developed by Emeritus Faculty as a contribution to university and community understanding of the beginnings and development of the ANU over the past fifty years or so. Emeritus Faculty has a special interest in this period since the Faculty's membership includes many of the people who helped shape ANU in those early days, to make it the pre-eminent university it is today. Bob Douglas was born in Hamley Bridge, South Australia, in 1936, attended high school in Newcastle and Sydney, graduated in medicine from Adelaide University in 1959 and married Rosemary, a social worker, the following year. After further study in New Zealand and Adelaide Hospital, Bob and Rosemary moved in 1967 to Lae, where Bob took up his life-long interest in public health and epidemiology, and helped inaugurate Papua-New Guinea's first medical school, in Port Moresby. After three years at the University of Pennsylvania, studying pneumococcal disease, he returned to the medical school at Adelaide University in 1973, becoming Dean of Medicine in 1988. From there Bob was persuaded to set up ANU's National Centre for Epidemiology and Public health (NCEPH), which he counts as his most significant professional achievement, then played a key role in setting up ANU's Medical School, which was launched in 2004. In his time as Director of NCEPH, Bob Douglas also took a keen interest in indigenous health. He persuaded scholars of the calibre of Steve Kunitz and Aileen Plant to join him in this endeavour, establishing a masters program in Indigenous public health . Just before his retirement in 2001, NCEPH laid out plans for a controlled heroin trial in the ACT. For political reasons the trial did not proceed, but Bob continues in his retirement to attempt to re-open debate on this important aspect of public health in Australia. In 2000, Bob was appointed Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) for services to medicine, and in 2008 he shared the ACT Conservation Council's Supreme Green Hero award. In 2011 he was named the ACT Environmental Volunteer of the Year. Since retirement Bob has helped established SEE-Change ACT, which promotes an understanding of environmental and social issues surrounding climate change, and their impact at local community and school levels. Bob published and widely distributed a manual - Imagining a Sustainable Canberra - for use by teachers and senior students in schools in the ACT. In 2010 he helped create the Transform Australia Network, as part of which he is a designated "catalyst". Bob and Rosemary Douglas take great pride in the achievements of their children (John, an engineer and entrepreneur; Charlie, a surgeon and ethicist; and Kirsty, an academic GP and indigenous health worker). In active retirement, Bob and Rosemary continue to live in their family home in Aranda, ACT.Item Open Access Bryan Furnass - physician and environmentalist(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Furnass, Bryan; Stewart, PeterStanley Bryan Furnass was born in Manchester, England in 1927, and educated at Manchester Grammar School and Oxford University Medical School, graduating in 1949. After postgraduate studies at Middlesex Hospital Medical School in London (and meeting his future wife Anne who was nursing there), Bryan spent two years national service in Sierra Leone, working in tropical medicine. After returning to London, the couple and their twin daughters emigrated to Australia where Bryan became a consulting physician in Goulburn, NSW, in 1960. A year later Bryan moved to a similar position in Canberra. Bryan was appointed Foundation Director of the ANU Medical Service in 1966, a position he held until his retirement from ANU in 1991. Bryan is known for his imaginative approaches to community medicine, emphasising individual responsibility for health care in young adults, and encouraging in them the idea of future ‘health rather than ilth’ through attention to the balance of work and play, and a concern for the environment. Bryan has written widely about these aspects of community and individual health, and has been an activist in a wide range of forums and prolific contributor to scholarly and popular publications. Since retirement, Bryan has not let up, particularly in regard to his concerns for environmental sustainability, ranging over modes of human burial to the causes and consequences of global climate change. He is an active member of the Nature and Science Forum in Canberra, Doctors for the Environment, the Medical Association for Prevention of War, and is a member of the Strategic Council of The Climate Institute of Australia. In 1994, Bryan was appointed Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for service to health education and promotion.Item Open Access Cedric Mims - Professor, medical microbiologist and writer(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Mims, Cedric; Stewart, PeterCedric Arthur Mims was born in London in 1924 to a tax inspector/lay preacher father and homemaker mother. Cedric's parents insisted on strict religious tutelage for Cedric and his sister and two brothers, though the extent of this parental preparation would sadly be limited by the misfortune which struck the family when Cedric was just six - his then pregnant mother died of an infection, and a few months later his father died of pneumonia. The Mims children then spent some years precariously perched, partly in orphanages and the rest of their young lives with assorted relatives. With improving fortune, Cedric went to Mill Hill School, which provided him with a sound and settled education for the rest of his school days. Cedric had set his heart set on studying medicine but his business-man grandfather, as his guardian, refused to countenance this. However, he did compromise to the extent of allowing Cedric to enrol in chemistry at University College London, with the expectation that Cedric would become an industrial chemist and from there make his way into corporate industry. Cedric quietly added zoology units to his science studies, to keep his dream of medicine alive. He graduated four years later with the then rare achievement of first class honours, and the distinction of having had among his teachers JBS Haldane and GP Wells (son of HG Wells). As he graduated BSc, Cedric now aged 21, exercised his legal independence from his grandfather to enter medicine, enrolling at Middlesex Hospital Medical School. He graduated from there in 1952. Cedric then began his way up the career ladder of a bright young medical graduate. But as he did this, he came across a book on the biology of gorillas in the wild, a subject which seized his imagination. With his developing array of skills in science and medicine, he soon found himself in Uganda with the Colonial Medical Service, investigating tropical fevers. Happily too at this time, Cedric met and married Vicki, a nurse-manager from Middlesex Hospital. They stayed in Africa for three years.Item Open Access Charles Campbell Macknight - Professor, social and cultural anthropologist(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Macknight, Charles Campbell; Bygrave, FyfeThe ANU Emeritus Faculty has been for a number of years, conducting interviews with retired members of the Australian National University. The purpose of these interviews has been to gather and maintain a history of the university as far as possible from individual members who contributed to its community and development over decades. The following arises from a discussion Campbell Macknight had with Fyfe Bygrave in September 2016. Campbell commenced his career at the Australian National University as a graduate student in 1966. As an undergraduate at the University of Melbourne he had been influenced by the views of both John Mulvaney and John O’Brien. Later he was sponsored by Mulvaney to enrol as a graduate student at the ANU in the then Department of Anthropology and Sociology in the Research School of Pacific Studies. This was a most productive time for the Department. Pioneering fieldwork was establishing major themes in the prehistory of Australia and the southwest Pacific. Campbell’s PhD studies concerned the Indonesian fishermen who had once visited northern Australia and this took him to many places in Arnhem Land and adjacent areas. At that time, adequate funding was provided and permission to access such areas was more straightforward. Following his graduation, he was appointed to a lectureship to teach Ancient History in the Faculty of Arts. Strong links with the University of Melbourne were very influential in regards to the teaching of History at the ANU at that time and Campbell began to teach Bronze Age Greek and Roman History with courses for first year undergraduate students. Campbell began to teach Aboriginal History with innovative approaches to the subject such as focussing on Aboriginal experiences. At this time he commenced the supervision of Honours and PhD students. In 1987 Campbell developed a novel unit in first year history – ‘Approaching History’. It was a very successful unit involving the reading of original documents that centred around Southeast Asia. Campbell’s long-term research passion has involved the history of South Sulawesi. The studies involved examining artefacts and manuscripts from the period before1600AD when major external influences arrived. Aside from his teaching duties, Campbell was instrumental in establishing the Bachelor of Letters degree, was involved in the recruitment of students to his Department, was a member of the Faculties Research Grants Committee, was involved in the establishment of the Graduate School and had a keen and active interest in the ANU Staff Association. When asked to reflect on the University as a whole, he said it should have amalgamated with the Canberra College of Advanced Education when the opportunity arose. He believes this has condemned the ANU to being a small institution. Campbell also believes that the establishment of ‘Colleges’ has led to a situation where the Institute of Advanced Studies (as it was called) has been overshadowed by the (then) Faculties. He considers Sir John Crawford and Professor Peter Karmel to have been excellent Vice Chancellors and also speaks very highly of his departmental colleagues, all of whom were extremely supportive of each other. Campbell left the ANU at the end of 1993 and for 6 years held the Chair of Humanities at the University of Tasmania in Launceston.Item Open Access Charles Patrick Fitzgerald - Emeritus Professor, sinologist(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Fitzgerald, Charles Patrick; Foster, Stephen; Stewart, Peter; Fominas, Nik; Nelson, DianaProfessor FitzGerald was born in 1902 in London and was educated at Clifton College, Bristol. Family problems prevented him from accepting an offer to Lincoln College, Oxford and after a couple of years of office work in London he travelled to China. He lived in China for a number of years from 1923 until the outbreak of the second world war, working and researching. During this period he published his first three books on China. He tells the story of his early life in the book Why China?. In 1946 he returned to China as a representative of the British Council. The Australian National University invited him in 1950 to give a lecture tour in Australia and then asked him to accept the position of Reader in Oriental Studies. He arrived to take up this post in January 1951. The Readership was attached to the Department of Pacific History. He was offered a Professorship in 1953 and created the Department of Far Eastern History. After retiring from the university in 1967, he was awarded a D.Litt. based on examination of his published works and the title of Emeritus Professor. * This transcript has been edited by the interviewee.Item Open Access Christopher Bryant, AM - Emeritus Professor, biochemical parasitologist and science communicator(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Bryant, Christopher; Stewart, PeterChristopher Bryant was born in 1936 at Hampstead, North London. His father was a classically trained pianist who had, during the Great Depression, formed a small band, The Paragon Players, which performed at various venues in North London. His daytime job was demonstrating pianos for Maples and Co, Tottenham Court Road, London. As World War Two approached, however, he joined the London Fire Brigade and, by the end of the war, rose to be a Senior Fire Controller for North London. After the war, his father rejoined Maples as an Estimator and Interior Designer. He never played professionally again. Belatedly, but happily, Chris’s sister Jocelyn arrived in the family in 1953. Chris attended private schools at Buckingham College, Harrow, and Haberdashers’ Aske’s, Hampstead. In later life, he wondered how his parents, of modest means, could afford the fees. Later, his father’s memoirs made it clear. Maples, one of the old family companies set up in the early 19th century, had a policy of educating its employees’ children to encourage staff loyalty. If the child could win a place in a school, the company would pay the fees, together with a small allowance for uniforms. Despite Chris’s considerable talents as a scholar in secondary school, failure in Latin precluded him from seeking entry to Cambridge or Oxford. Happily, his later career appears not to have been disadvantaged by this. In 1955 Chris gained a County Award to Kings College London, where he graduated BSc with Honours in Zoology in 1958. In the same year, with a DSIR studentship, he enrolled for a PhD with Jim Danielli, the noted membrane biochemist. As a preliminary, Chris completed an MSc at University College London. He returned to King’s but was so disenchanted with his research topic and conditions that in 1960 he transferred to King’s College Hospital to work on the effects of anti-inflammatory drugs (such as aspirin) on subcellular metabolism in animal tissues, supervised by Mervyn Smith.Item Open Access Claire Wehner : former staff member at Mount Stromlo Observatory(The Australian National University) Wehner, Claire; Winternitz, JudithItem Open Access Colin Peter Groves - Emeritus Professor, bioanthropology(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Groves, Colin Peter; Bygrave, FyfeThis interview with Colin Peter Groves of the School of Archaeology and Anthropology, is part of the ANU Emeritus Faculty's Oral History Program. Colin has done museum work on primates and other mammals all over the world. His lifelong studies on classification, variation and evolution of living primates culminated in 2001 with the publication of a book Primate Taxonomy (Smithsonian Institution Press), but it continues with new discoveries and new assessments. He is regularly invited to address conferences on this and related subjects, including the Goettingen Freilandtage (an annual conference of primatologists in Germany) in December, 2005, the African Genesis symposium in Johannesburg in January, 2006, the International Primatological Congress in Cancun in 2012, and the International Conference on Ruminant Systematics and Evolution in Munich in 2014. I is also still publishing on human evolution (a recent paper with a Debbie Argue, Bill Jungers and Mike Lee on the infamous Hobbit, Homo floresiensis), and on the taxonomy of ungulates and other animals, including elephants and carnivores. Biogeography is an increasingly important theme in his research, giving clues to reconstruction of past climates and geography. His work has taken him to such places as Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, India, Iran, China and Indonesia. In the past few years he has also done fieldwork in Sri Lanka and the Democratic Republic of Congo. He regularly collaborates in research with colleagues in Europe, China and Sri Lanka, among other places, although much of his research is sole-authored. (https://researchers.anu.edu.au/researchers/groves-cp)Item Open Access Colin Steele - University Librarian and Director of Scholarly Information Strategies(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Steele, Colin; Bygrave, FyfeThis interview with Colin Steele of the ANU Library, is part of the ANU Emeritus Faculty's Oral History Program.Item Open Access David Craig - Emeritus Professor, physical and theoretical chemist(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Craig, David; Stewart, PeterThis interview, with Professor David Craig, is part of the E- F-'s Oral History Program, involving retired members of staff of ANU who were part of the university in the early decades of its life. The program was initiated and developed by ANU Emeritus Faculty as a contribution to university and community understanding of the origins and development of ANU over the past sixty years. Emeritus Faculty has a special interest in this era, since the Faculty's membership includes many of the people who helped shape ANU in its early days, to make it the pre-eminent university it is today. David Craig is emeritus professor of chemistry in ANU and a member of Emeritus Faculty. He was born in Sydney in 1919, educated at Shore School and the University of Sydney, and served in the AIF in the Second World War. After the war, he completed a PhD at University College London, then in1952 returned to Sydney University to become Professor of Physical Chemistry. David was appointed Professor of Theoretical Chemistry at University College London in 1956, from where he was enticed back to Australia in 1967 to become (with Arthur Birch) one of the founding professors in the Research School of Chemistry at ANU. He served two terms as Dean of that School, and was also a member of the Executive of CSIRO in that time. In 1968 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and in 1990 President of the Australian Academy of Science.Item Open Access David Guthrie Catcheside (1907-1994) - Emeritus Professor, geneticist(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Catcheside, David Guthrie; Foster, Stephen; Stewart, Peter; Fominas, Nik; Nelson, DianaProfessor David Catcheside was born in 1907 and was educated at the Strand School and the University of London. From 1928 until 1944 he held teaching appointments in the universities of Glasgow and London, before going to Cambridge as a Fellow of Trinity College. In 1950 he was appointed to a readership in Cytogenetics. He was the Professor of Genetics in the University of Adelaide from 1952 until 1955. He then returned to England in 1956 to take up the appointment of Professor of Microbiology at the University of Birmingham. The Australian National University established a Chair and Department of Genetics within the John Curtin School of Medical Research in 1963 and Professor Catcheside became the first occupant of the new Chair. Later that year he was invited by the university to become an Adviser on the development of biological research in the Institute of Advanced Studies. When the Research School of Biological Sciences was founded in 1967 he became its first Head. His Department of Genetics in the John Curtin School transferred to Biological Sciences at this time. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1951 for his outstanding research work. In 1954 he became a Foundation Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science and was later elected a Foreign Associate of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. When he retired from the university in 1973 he was awarded the title of Emeritus Professor.Item Open Access David Williams, ANU School of ArtWilliams, DavidItem Open Access Derek Wrigley - architect and solar energy activist(The Australian National University, Emeritus Faculty Inc.) Wrigley, Derek; Stewart, PeterDerek Wrigley was born in 1924 in Oldham near Manchester, UK in 1924. He excelled in architecture and design at the Manchester School of Art and Science then enrolled for postgraduate study in structural engineering and town planning at Manchester School of Science and Technology, and Manchester University. With little opportunity for architects in post-war England, Derek bought a boat ticket to Australia in 1947 to explore the greater options he had heard about from contacts there. After practicing and building in Sydney, he returned briefly to England to visit his sick father and on the way back took a ‘study tour’ in the USA and Japan to explore the new architecture movements in those countries, including visits to Bauhaus exponents such as Walter Gropius in Harvard and Mies van der Rohe in Chicago. Back in Sydney in 1951 he was appointed to Sydney Technical College to teach design and construction. STC became the University of Technology and then the University of NSW in the time Derek spent teaching there. In 1957, Derek was invited by ANU Architect Fred Ward (founder of the Society for Designers in Industry) to join ANU’s Design Unit (the UDU). Derek succeeded Fred Ward as head of UDU on Ward’s retirement in 1961 and was appointed ANU Architect. As head of UDU Derek was responsible for all aspects of design within the campus – site planning, architecture, interior design, furniture, landscape, graphics and signage. In its time the Design Unit was unique in having responsibility for all aspects of university design. Disillusioned by the inclination of senior administrators to meddle in structure and design, Derek resigned from ANU in 1977 and returned to private practice. Since then he has built and retrofitted a number of private houses with an emphasis on design aimed at conserving energy, material and water use. He has written a number of books and pamphlets as technical guides in house building for owners and builders. Most recently he has designed and is supervising the building of an EcoSolar housein Chifley ACT which will provide a model for testing best practice in domestic housing. Derek is also writing a biography of his mentor, the late Fred Ward.Item Open Access Derek Wrigley : University Designer/Architect(The Australian National University) Wrigley, Derek; Winternitz, Judith